Aflatoxins are natural secondary metabolites produced by some moulds (mainly Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) and are contaminants of agricultural commodities in the field particularly in critical temperature and humidity conditions before or during harvest or because of inappropriate storage (Rustom, 1997; Sweeney & Dobson, 1998). Aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) and B2 (AFB2), producted by...

background: the baby-friendly hospital initiative was launched in 1989 by world health organization and the united nations children's fund for the promotion of breastfeeding. this program was implemented in many departments of gynecology and obstetrics and resulted in reduced malnutrition, infection, morbidity and mortality in children. this program has introduced 10 specific steps to supp...

Baby formulas are foods designed and marketed for feeding babies. The use of baby is increasing worldwide due to various reasons. In parallel, there concern about endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in formulas. EDCs cover a large class able interact with the system. can disrupt many different hormones, so they linked numerous adverse outcomes human health. Babies more sensitive environmental...

OBJECTIVE To describe the differential changes in average intakes of nutrients and food groups among higher versus lower table food consumers during the transition from baby foods to table foods. DESIGN A comparative analysis of food and nutrient intakes in the lowest versus highest quartile of energy from table foods based on 24-hour dietary recall data. SUBJECTS A national random sample o...

BACKGROUND Tylosin and Josamycin are macrolide antibiotics. They are used in the treatment of pneumonia, arthritis and mastitis in cattle, and mycoplasma infections in poultry. The incorrect use of antibiotics has lead to the presence of antibiotic residues in foods. The residues cause toxic effects on consumers. RESULTS A simple and sensitive method was optimized and validated for the analys...

conclusions the pregnancy adaptation training package increased the adaptation and maternal-fetal attachment scores in pregnant women with a history of baby loss. results before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the study and control groups in terms of maternal-fetal attachment (p = 0.280) and adaptation to pregnancy (p = 0.883). however, following th...

introduction: clinical policies of “10 steps of breast feeding” proposed by world health organization (who) can promote breast feeding. the goal of this study was to evaluate breast feeding in the first hour after birth and its relation to the influencing factors. material and methods: in this cross-sectional study, the data is related to mothers and infants referring to two baby friendly hospi...