A MIMD processor system is described, which allows forward and backward hardware error recovery (FHER and BHER) for data transfers. Fault-tolerant operation is provided by a multiple bus system and distributed error correction controller (ECC) hardware. Addresses and data are transferred through the bus system together with an error correction code, which is generated and checked by the ECC har...

The use of reputation systems has been proposed for various applications, e. g., to estimate the trustworthiness of sellers and buyers in electronic transactions. Reputation systems collect opinions of users about properties of certain services, subjects and other users and evaluate these opinions. It is important that the results of reputation systems are consistent with intuitive expectations...

We consider the coupled line equations for two-mode random media in which both modes travel in the same (forward) direction as a model for multimode millimeter waveguides and optical fibers, in which mode conversion at imperfections occurs primarily in the forward direction. Some exact general properties satisfied by the transfer function and the impulse response of such a system are given for ...

A new method based on absolutely localized molecular orbitals (ALMOs) is proposed to measure the degree of intermolecular electron density delocalization (charge transfer) in molecular complexes. ALMO charge transfer analysis (CTA) enables separation of the forward and backward charge transfer components for each pair of molecules in the system. The key feature of ALMO CTA is that all charge tr...

Conventional photoredox catalytic additions of alcohols to olefins require additives, like thiophenol, promote back electron transfer. The concept “photozymes” assumes that forward and backward transfer steps in a cycle are controllable by substrate binding photocatalytically active peptides. Accordingly, we synthesized short tripeptide modified with 1,7-dicyano-perylene-3,4 : 9,10-tetracarboxy...

This paper evaluates the suitability of Backward Explicit Congestion Notification (BECN) for IP networks. The BECN mechanism has previously been used in non-IP networks, but there has been limited experimental investigation into the application of the BECN scheme as congestion control mechanism in IP networks. In this paper, we consider an enhanced algorithm for BECN which uses Internet Control...

Within the endogenous growth framework, we offer an explanation on how foreign direct investment (FDI) generates externalities in the form of technology transfer. We distinguish between the level and rate effects of spillovers on the productivity of domestic firms. A new insight gained from the theory is that the level and rate effects of spillovers can go in opposite directions. The negative l...

In this study, we have designed and implemented a system that supports learners to use backward chaining to solve proof problems about the congruence of two triangles. In addition, we have carried out an evaluation experiment in a public junior high school to measure the learning effect of the system. As a result of hypothesis tests, for students with good pretest scores, the effect of the syst...