P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) inhibition is critical for reducing the overactivation of its downstream signaling pathway in autoimmune diseases. Phytochemicals are a source medicinal compounds various diseases and contribute to development effective safe P2X7R-targeted drugs. This review aimed at identifying screening novel safe, effective, economically feasible inhibitors P2X7R from phytochemicals ext...

This work is to study the baicalin and its three analogs, baicalin, wogonoside, and wogonin, on the protective effect of neuron from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression in OGD damage. The results showed that baicalin and its three analogs did protect neurons from OGD damage and downregulated protein level of TLR2. D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid on site 7 in ...

Baikal skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis) is an important medicinal plant with proven bioactivity. Commercially available products in the United States containing extracts or derivatives from this plant species have beep shown to lack consistency of chemical composition and bioactivity. In the United States, these issues could be solved through domestic production of skullcap. The hypothesis of...

OBJECTIVE The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nu- clear receptor proteins whose functions as transcription factors regulate gene expres- sions. PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis of higher organisms. This study attempts to determine the effect o...

PURPOSE To compare the flavonoid biomarker content (baicalin, baicalein and wogonin) of eleven commercial tinctures derived from Scutellaria lateriflora aerial parts (n=7) and Scutellaria baicalensis root (n=4). S. lateriflora tinctures are used in by western herbal practitioners to treat anxiety whereas S. baicalensis tinctures are used to treat inflammatory disease. METHODS Baicalin and bai...

Scutellaria baicalensis extract (SbE) has been shown to exert chemopreventive effects on several types of cancer. Baicalin, a hydrophilic flavonoid found in SbE, may have opposing effects that decrease the antitumor potential of SbE against colorectal cancer. In this study, after removing baicalin, we prepared an aglycone-rich fraction (ARF) of SbE and evaluated its anti-proliferative activity ...

Pregnane X Receptor (PXR), a master regulator of drug metabolism and inflammation, is abundantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. Baicalein and its O-glucuronide baicalin are potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer herbal flavonoids that undergo a complex cycle of interconversion in the liver and gut. We sought to investigate the role these flavonoids play in inhibiting gut inflammatio...

Background Scutellaria baicalensis is an important medicinal plant used in China. Several compounds have been extracted from S. using modern techniques. Baicalin, active ingredient of baicalensis, widely clinically. However, its clinical use limited owing to poor oral bioavailability and intestinal absorption. Objectives To evaluate the anti-tumor effect baicalin magnesium salt (BA-MG, a novel ...

We evaluated the antioxidant properties of four main flavones from Scutellaria baicalensis: baicalein, wogonin and their glucuronides - baicalin and wogonoside. We used three in vitro assays: free radical scavenging with 2,2'-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical, transition metal ions reducing power by phosphomolybdenum assay and inhibition of the hydroxyl radical-induced peroxidation of linoleic aci...

Purpose: To study the protective influence of baicalin (BA) against LPS-mediated acute lung injury (ALI) in a rat model.
 Methods: Twenty-seven Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned (9 each) to groups as follows: normal control (NC) treated intraperitoneally with saline; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group 10 mg/kg LPS; and (LPS + Ba) 100 LPS, followed 15 min later by baicalin. Pathological ch...