Background: Trypanosoma evansi is a fl agellate which belongs to the salivate section, commonly observed parasitizing blood of equines, ruminants, pigs, dogs and wild animals in different regions of the world. It causes many losses to farmers due to death of animals and drug spending in endemic areas. The treatment of this disease in Brazil is only performed with diminazene aceturate; however i...

Kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata) peel, an agricultural solid waste of the juice processing industry, was studied to understand mass transfer kinetics during osmotic dehydration and its process optimization. The experiments were conducted in sucrose (40, 50, 60° Brix) at different temperatures 40, 60°C duration 0–240 min. Central Composite Design used for optimization with variables, such as ...

In Southern California the Valencia orange (Citruis sinensis, L.) attains maximum orange rind color during winter and regreens s-omewhat by harvest time the following summer. The degree of regreening has been correlated with temperature patterns and with nitrogen nutrition (2, 5). It has also been reported (3) that applications of potassium gibberellate (KGA) to Valencia trees were associated w...

Four tropical seaweeds, Gracilaria manilaensis Yamamoto & Trono, Ulva reticulata Forsskål, Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) L.M.Liao and Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kützing, collected from various habitats throughout Malaysia, were subjected to temperatures of 40, 35, 30, 25 20 °C in the laboratory. An exposure range 21–38 is reported for Malaysian waters. The effect temperature exposures on hal...

Antibacterial and antifungal properties of wax and hexane extracts of Citrus spp. peels were tested using bioautographic and microdilution techniques against three plant pathogenic fungi (Penicillium digitatum, Curvularia sp., and Colletotrichum sp.), two human pathogens (Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis), and two opportunistic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aure...

Generally, heavy metals enter into the aquatic environment through atmospheric deposition, erosion of geological matrix or due to anthropogenic activities caused by industrial effluents, domestic sewage and mining wastes. The present study analyzed the concentration of seven elements (Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zi and Hg) in eight seaweeds such as Centrocerous clavutum, Sargassum wightii, Colpemenia s...