This article presents the results of an empirical research investigating economic and financial information business segments Credit Cooperatives Banks in Brazil’s industry, from 2014 to 2018, with purpose assessing which two has more productivity performance enables a contribution democratization capitalism, based on specific indicators. unions are anchors for social economy, they op...

Consolidation in the banking industry of many countries has reduced the number of small banks and led to significant shifts in market shares; deregulation has fostered entry in local credit markets and branch expansion, which in turn have increased competition. Small businesses are believed to be more vulnerable to these changes since they are more dependent on credit from local banks. In this ...

Banks are important to national, and even global, economic stability. Banking panics that follow bank insolvency or bankruptcy, especially of large banks, can severely jeopardize economic stability. Therefore, issuers and investors urgently need a credit rating indicator to help identify the financial status and operational competence of banks. A credit rating provides financial entities with a...

Today, with respect to the increasing growth of demand to get credit from the customers of banks and finance and credit institutions, using an effective and efficient method to decrease the risk of non-repayment of credit given is very necessary. Assessment of customers' credit is one of the most important and the most essential duties of banks and institutions, and if an error occurs in this f...

The Russian Default of 1998 provides a natural experiment to test how global …nancial linkages transmit negative credit supply shocks to emerging markets. Using bank-level data from Peru, I show that the shock a¤ects bank lending by both foreign and domestic banks because all banks re…nance their lending abroad. Using microdata on all corporate loans, I show that foreign banks reduce lending le...

Commercial banks in Kenya have faced daunting challenges that touch on various key financial performance indicators and therefore impacting performance. Credit risk affects the are likely to impact of any lending institution. The main goal this study was ascertain moderating effect ownership structure relationship between credit Kenya. Longitudinal research design utilized data from 41 licensed...

This paper compares the function of public vs. private institutions and studies conditions that influence their effectiveness. We use the population of commercial banks in Manhattan from 1840 to 1980 and investigate the impact of banks‟ participation in the New York Clearing House Association, an industry-level cooperative arrangement, and the New York Federal Reserve Bank, the governmental reg...

We present a banking model with imperfect competition in which borrowers’ access to credit is improved when banks are able to transfer credit risks. However, the market for credit risk transfer (CRT) works smoothly only if the quality of loans is public information. If the quality of loans is private information, banks have an incentive to grant unprofitable loans in order to transfer them to o...

This paper develops a framework for stress-testing the credit risk of Chinese commercial banks to macroeconomic shocks. Using data over the period 1985-2008, this study establishes a vector auto-regression (VAR) model to describe the links between default rate and macroeconomic factors, and then designs three stress scenarios to implement the stress testing by Monte Carlo simulation. As a resul...

This paper provides a unified analysis for the onset of the 1998 financial crisis and the strong economic recovery afterward in Russia and other former Soviet Union countries. Before the crisis a banking failure arose owing to the coexistence of a lemons credit market and high government borrowing. In a lemons credit market low credit risk firms switched from bank to nonbank finance, including ...