BACKGROUND Many theoretical researches predicted that the larch species would decrease drastically in China under future climatic changes. However, responses of the structural and compositional changes of Gmelin larch (Larix gmelinii var. gmelinii) forests to climatic changes have rarely been reported. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Field survey was conducted to examine the structures and com...

Previous immunohistochemical studies have provided evidence that the external segment of the globus pallidus extends ventrally beneath the transverse limb of the anterior commissure into the area of the substantia innominata. Enkephalin-positive staining in the form of "woolly fibers" has been used as a marker for the globus pallidus and its ventral extension. Acetylcholinesterase staining of b...

In the early 1980s, nitrogen (N) deposition was first postulated as a cause of N saturation and spruce mortality across the northeastern US. In 1988, a series of high elevation spruce-fir forest N addition plots were established on Mt. Ascutney (southeastern) Vermont to test this hypothesis. The paired plots each received, in addition to ambient N deposition, 15.7 kg N ha-' (low N addition), 31...

abstract salivary gland tumors are among the pathologies in the head and neck that may be challenging in diagnosis and treatment. most benign tumors occur in the parotid gland. pleomorphic adenoma is the most common type. basal cell adenoma is a subtype of the monomorphic adenoma with rare occurrence. proper diagnosis and clinical evaluation by the use of radiography can lead the physician to t...

Recent analyses of radial growth rates in southern commercial forests have shown that current rates are lower than past rates when compared diameter class by diameter class. These results have been interpreted as an indication that the growth rate of the forest is declining. In this paper, growth rates of forest populations in Alabama are studied. Basal area growth (a function of both radius an...

Questions: Is the introduced timber species Fraxinus uhdei invasive in Hawai‘i? Has logging disturbance facilitated the spread of Fraxinus and other alien species? Location: Windward Mauna Kea, island of Hawai‘i. Methods: We surveyed 29 plots which were established before selective logging of the native tree Acacia koa in 1971 to determine if Fraxinus spread beyond the borders of an existing pl...

Hypocretin/orexin neurons give rise to an extensive projection system, portions of which innervate multiple regions associated with the regulation of behavioral state. These regions include the locus coeruleus, medial septal area, medial preoptic area, and substantia innominata. Evidence indicates that hypocretin modulates behavioral state via actions within each of these terminal fields. To un...

Forest resource inventories must include wood quality information to support the optimum use of wood fibre. The objective of this study was to develop models relating maximum live branch diameter (MBD), which affects lumber value, to tree and stand characteristics that can be measured through current and emerging remote sensing technologies. Using non-linear mixed effects models for six Canadia...