This study illuminates the male advantage in test-based admissions to higher education. In contrast many other countries, admission tests Germany are optional, and test-free programs available. context offers a unique opportunity investigate whether is caused by gender differences test performance or participation. We use novel register data for whole population of 300,000 applicants highly sel...

In this work, we use statistical concepts to evaluate the joint probability distribution of manufacturing and test parameters estimate future trend wafer yield. Owing difference between development speeds testing technology technology, capability wafers is far behind semiconductor. Therefore, with advancement in yield loss caused by tester inaccuracy has become an important problem. article, pr...