Urban ecosystems can sustain populations of wild bees, partly because their rich native and exotic floral resources. A better understanding the urban bee diet, particularly at larval stage, is necessary to understand biotic interactions feeding behaviour in ecosystems, promote bees by improving management We investigated diet distribution patterns four solitary species with different specializa...

Clubiona cambridgei is a short-sighted hunting spider that lives on bushes of New Zealand flax (Phormium tenax) and constructs silken nests within tunnels formed by rolledup leaves. Intraspecific interactions in this species are integrally related to the use of nests. In laboratory observations, mating was never observed outside nests, although virgin females readily mated while inside their ne...