In this work, benzyl alcohol was obtained in 96% excellent yield by hydrolysis of benzyl chloride catalyzedby the recyclable temperature-dependant phase-separation system that comprised the ionic liquid PEG1000-DAIL[BF4], toluene and ferric sulfate under homogeneous catalysis in aqueous media. This novel methodnot only enhanced the yield, but also made the operating units easy workup. The catal...

UNLABELLED VizRank is a tool that finds interesting two-dimensional projections of class-labeled data. When applied to multi-dimensional functional genomics datasets, VizRank can systematically find relevant biological patterns. AVAILABILITY http://www.ailab.si/supp/bi-vizrank SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION http://www.ailab.si/supp/bi-vizrank.

Like predation and competition, mutualism is now recognized as a consumer-resource (C-R) interaction, including, in particular, bi-directional (e.g., coral, plant-mycorrhizae) and uni-directional (e.g., ant-plant defense, plant-pollinator) C-R mutualisms. Here, we develop general theory for the density-dependent population dynamics of mutualism based on the C-R mechanism of interspecific intera...

The present work aims to evolve the multiple topologies of path generating compliant mechanisms. The trade-off solution’s based topologies are developed by simultaneously minimization of weight and supplied input energy to elastic structures. The functional aspect of these compliant mechanisms is accomplished by imposing the constraints on precision points to generate the user-defined path. The...

Initial rate studies were employed to investigate the kinetic mechanism of action of rat skeletal muscle type II hexokinase (EC 3.7.1.1). These investigations involved the use of substrate analogs which act as competitive inhibitors and product inhibition experiments. The findings indicate that substrates n-glucose and MgATP2add randomly to hexokmase. Both products exhibit noncompetitive inhibi...

Voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) are outfitted with diverse cytoplasmic domains that impact function. To examine how such elements may affect VGIC behavior, we addressed how the bacterial voltage-gated sodium channel (BacNa(V)) C-terminal cytoplasmic domain (CTD) affects function. Our studies show that the BacNa(V) CTD exerts a profound influence on gating through a temperature-dependent unfo...

Developing cost-effective and durable air-cathodes is crucial for improving metal-air batteries. Most reports of cathode formulation involve preparing bi-functional electrocatalysts from wet chemistry or solid-state synthesis, followed by pasting onto a substrate. In this work, the cathodes generated electrochemical activation normal carbon paper substrates were directly used in Zn-air The self...

For the first time, α-emitter radioisotope (213)Bi has been incorporated into porphyrin chelates, with rates matching with the short period of the radionuclide. An in situ transmetalation mechanism involving the daughter isotope (209)Pb is expected to boost the (213)Bi radiolabeling process.

Bismuth (Bi(3+)) binds equal molar amounts of HypB from Helicobacter pylori at the conserved metal site with a dissociation constant of 0.94 (±0.25) × 10(-17) μM, and concomitantly induces the protein dimerization similarly to Ni(2+). Excess Bi(3+) causes HypB further oligomerization, leading to HypB GTPase dysfunction. The results extend our understanding on the inhibitory mechanism of bismuth...