Although the well-recognised predisposition of cigarette smokers to the development of severe pneumococcal disease may be attributable to impairment of local host defences, less is known about the direct effects of smoke exposure on airway pathogens, or their virulence factors. In the current study, we have investigated the effects of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on biofilm formation by Str...

OBJECTIVES Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging opportunistic nosocomial pathogen. Two factors that may enhance persistence in healthcare settings are antimicrobial resistance and biofilm-forming ability. The aim of this work was to determine whether A. baumannii isolates that persist in healthcare settings (endemic), can be differentiated from sporadic isolates based upon their ability to re...

BACKGROUND Feed contaminated with Salmonella spp. constitutes a risk of Salmonella infections in animals, and subsequently in the consumers of animal products. Salmonella are occasionally isolated from the feed factory environment and some clones of Salmonella persist in the factory environment for several years. One hypothesis is that biofilm formation facilitates persistence by protecting bac...

The diabetic foot syndrome is clearly one of the most important complications of diabetes and is the most common cause of hospitalization among diabetic patients. Staphylococcus aureus is found to be the commonest pathogen present in diabetic foot infections. The aim of the present study is to determine activities of three kinds of antibiotics against Staphylococcal biofilm and planktonic cultu...

Background: Staphylococci are recognized worldwide as one of the most important etiological agents of bovine mastitis due to their virulence factors such as their ability to penetrate inside mammary epithelial cells and their ability to form biofilm. Aims: The objectives of this study were to establish a model of primary mammary epithelial cells origin...

An array of 76 endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from different plant tissues including root, stem and fresh and wilted leaves of various plants in Punjab, Pakistan were investigated for their antagonistic ability to biofilm formers. The morphological, biochemical and physiological characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the selected endophytic isolates leads to the identif...

We review the recent literature concerning the efficiency of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation toward various microbial species in planktonic and biofilm cultures. The review is mainly focused on biofilm-growing microrganisms because this form of growth poses a threat to chronically infected or immunocompromised patients and is difficult to eradicate from medical devices. We discuss the b...

The biofilm life style helps bacteria resist oxidative stress, desiccation, antibiotic treatment, and starvation. Biofilm formation involves a complex regulatory gene network controlled by various environmental signals. It was previously shown that prophage insertions in mlrA and heterogeneous mutations in rpoS constituted major obstacles limiting biofilm formation and the expression of extrace...

Salmonella Typhimurium is a zoonotic bacterium that can cause salmonellosis, and the major concerns of S. for food industry are its ability to obtain multidrug resistance form biofilms on food-contact surfaces. In current study, antimicrobial strong biofilm former M3 was assessed by diffusion method. Genome sequencing also applied genes related antibiotic resistance, formation M3. Biofilm-formi...

Campylobacter concisus, a member of the human’s oral microflora, is Gram-negative, fastidious, microaerophilic bacterium. However, it debatable whether should be recognised as commensal human cavity, or an opportunistic pathogen has been linked to and gastrointestinal infections. But there no doubt that its biofilm-forming capacity enhanced survival mechanism pathogen. Hence, through our invest...