Ants are simple creatures that inspire many researchers in the field of Computer Science to develop new solutions for optimization and artificial intelligence problems. Some aspects of ant behavior can be implemented in a computer environment in order to solve a particular problem or to derive emergent behavior similar to ant colonies behavior. In this paper we give a brief overview of some fun...

Tetrahydrolipstatin (orlistat) (S)-1-[(2S,3S)-3-hexyl-4-oxooxetan-2-yl]methyl]dodecyl N-formyl-L-leucinate, a potent inhibitor of pancreatic lipase, is hydrophobic, amphipathic, and water-insoluble. It binds irreversibly to pancreatic lipases and inhibits fat absorption. The focus of this investigation is on the distribution of orlistat in emulsified fat and vesicular membranes such as might be...

The most commonly recognized behavioral patterns of animals and people at the onset of febrile infectious diseases are lethargy, depression, anorexia, and reduction in grooming. Findings from recent lines of research are reviewed to formulate the perspective that the behavior of sick animals and people is not a maladaptive response or the effect of debilitation, but rather an organized, evolved...

Meningiomas are the most commonly reported brain tumor in the United States. Though these tumors are often surgically curable, even World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1 meningiomas can recur. The variability seen in the clinical behavior of meningiomas suggests that these tumors are genetically heterogeneous. The most common genetic aberrations found in meningiomas are deletions of chromosom...

We explore the complex dynamical behavior of simple predator-prey models of biological coevolution that account for interspecific and intraspecific competition for resources, as well as adaptive foraging behavior. In long kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of these models we find quite robust 1/f -like noise in species diversity and population sizes, as well as power-law distributions for the life...

conduct disorder is a general psychiatric classification encompassing a variety of behavior patterns in which the individual repetitively and persistently violates the rights, privilages and privacy of others, for these children and adolescents, the authority figures like parents and teachers are assumed as intervening and punishing individuals, some of these patients are diagnosed as having at...

Survivin is a bifunctional protein that suppresses apoptosis and regulates cell division and is highly expressed in various human cancers. Recently, the intracellular localization of survivin in tumors has been suggested as a prognostic marker, but the molecular mechanisms are not understood. The aims of the present study were to investigate the different localization of survivin expression in ...

To test the hypothesis that biological motion perception is developmentally integrated with important social cognitive abilities, 12-month-olds (N = 36) were shown a display of a human point-light figure turning to observe a target. Infants spontaneously and reliably followed the figure's "gaze" despite the absence of familiar and socially informative features such as a face or eyes. This sugge...

As a class of small noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate stability or translation of mRNA transcripts. Some reports bring new insights into possible roles of microRNAs in modulating cell cycle. In this paper, we focus on the mechanism and effectiveness of microRNA-mediated regulation in the cell cycle. We first describe two specific regulatory circuits that incorporate base-pairing micro...

Carcinoma in-situ (CIS) is defined as a true and not-yet invasive neoplasm. Histopathologically, it shows basaloid cell formation known as dysplastic cells mixed with normal differentiated cells in the epithelium. Microscopically, it is difficult to distinguish normal basal cells and carcinomatous cells, also how their biological behavior and how they reach the superficial layer are still unkno...