aflatoxin b i (afb) isa well known hepatocarcinogen in several animal species and probably a causative agent in human hepatocellular carcinoma. humans are exposed to afb by ingesting contaminated food. aflatoxin contamination encountered in human foods is usually at low levels which is difficult to measure by chromatographic methods. therefore in the present study we have developed an immunoass...

many shape and topology optimization methods have been inspired from the nature. in this paper, two different optimization algorithms based on the adaptive biological growth (abg) have been applied to some structural elements. the first algorithm is developed for the shape optimization and is applied to a plate with a central hole as well as a fillet plate. the second algorithm is the soft kill...