Endocrine-disrupting compounds are exogenous agents that interfere with the natural hormones of the body. Human biological monitoring is a powerful method for monitoring exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds. In this review, we describe human biological monitoring systems for different groups of endocrine disrupting compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, brominated flame retardants, phthala...

lichens are composite organisms formed by a fungus and a green alga and / or a blue-green bacterium. they are recognized as being very sensitive to atmospheric pollution and respond to factors that influence human and environmental healths. since 1860, lichen has been identified as a biological indicator to detect air pollution in great britain and europe. lichens have the high sensitivityto ni...

this study examines changes in the urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-ohp) concentration as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) metabolite related to smoking among eight volunteers. the study subjects consisted of 8 participants (2 smokers, 4 ex-smokers and 2 non-smokers; mean age 23, range 21 ~ 24 years old) in a smoking cessation program. three urine samples were collected each week for 4 weeks f...

OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to determine the level of exposure of 4,4'-methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) (MbOCA) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. METHODS An integrated occupational hygiene and biological monitoring program were used to assess the workers' exposure to MbOCA via inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact. This was conducted by personal air monitoring, static air monitor...

This article describes the application of on-line nonlinear monitoring of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Three-way batch data of SBR are unfolded batchwisely, and then a nonlinear multivariate monitoring method is used to capture the nonlinear characteristics of normal batches. The approach is successfully applied to an 80L SBR for biological wastewater treatment, where the SBR poses an inte...

Ecological monitoring and assessment is fundamental for effective management of ecosystems. As an introduction to this Special Issue, this editorial provides an overview of “Ecological Monitoring, Assessment, and Management in Freshwater Systems”. This issue contains a review article on monitoring surface waters, and research papers on data management, biological assessment of aquatic ecosystem...

background: this study has used biomarker of exposure-effect continuum to examine the biological characteristics of organophosphate (op) toxicity and its genotoxic effect among rice farmers.   materials and methods : a cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 pesticide exposed rice farmers and 160 adults from the fishing village as the unexposed group. they share the common socio-economica...

background: great concern about occupational exposure to chromium (cr [vi]) has been reported due to escalated risk of lung cancer in exposed workers. consequences of occupational exposure to cr (vi) have been reported as oxidative stress and lung tissue damage. objective: to investigate the feasibility of biological effect monitoring of chrome electroplaters through analysis of serum malondial...

Biological monitoring of occupational exposure is characterized by important variability, due both to variability in the environment and to biological differences between workers. A quantitative description and understanding of this variability is important for a dependable application of biological monitoring. This work describes this variability, using a toxicokinetic model, for a large range...

The aim of this study was the occupational exposure assessment to lead and manganese of workers in an armament repair shop of a military organization. The air of the working environment was assessed in the environmental monitoring while the internal dose biological indicators for lead and manganese, in blood and urine, were used in biological monitoring. Metals concentration in filters and biol...