background and objectives: the seed extract of silybum marianum contains seven flavonolignans known collectively as silymarin. these metabolites can be produced in hairy root cultures of s. marianum. the effect of different physical factors can change root biomass and silymarin production which has been investigated in the present study. methods: the effect of different physical factors of temp...

the impact of climate change in the next few decades will increase risks of wheat production under dryland conditions. therefore, it is important to find cultivars that are tolerant to these conditions and can provide reasonable yield under future climates. radiation use efficiency (rue) is the key factor determining the crop yield and is related to crop biomass and leaf area index (lai). t...

the present study was undertaken to investigate and optimize the possibility of xanthan gum production by xanthomonas campestris ptcc1473 in 500ml shake flasks on the second grade date palm. using an experimental response surface methodology (rsm) coupled with a central composite design (ccd), three major independent variables (nitrogen source, phosphor source and agitation rate) were evaluated...

The short-term variability of intertidal microphytobenthic biomass was characterized by analysing a 30-day time series encompassing two spring^neap tide cycles. Chlorophyll-a concentration was measured every day at the beginning and at the end of every diurnal exposure periods. Microalgal biomass exhibited predictible net increases during diurnal exposures due to a positive production-loss bala...

Production of ethanol from lignocellulosic feed-stocks is of growing interest worldwide in recent years. However, we are currently still facing significant technical challenges to make it economically feasible on an industrial scale. Genetically modified lignocellulosic biomass has provided a potential alternative to address such challenges. Some studies have shown that genetically modified lig...

BACKGROUND Microalgae are touted as an attractive alternative to traditional forms of biomass for biofuel production, due to high productivity, ability to be cultivated on marginal lands, and potential to utilize carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial flue gas. This work examines the fossil energy return on investment (EROIfossil), greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and direct Water Demands (WD) of ...

Plant biomass enhancement using transgenesis in model as well as in crop plants both under optimal and stress controlled (greenhouse or growth chamber) and field conditions is observed. It was documented that genetic engineering approaches allow reaching up to two-fold increase of biomass in optimal conditions. Both transgenic and initial plants reduce biomass production under stress. It was de...

Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuel ethanol involves pretreatments followed by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis to generate fermentable sugars. Efficient pretreatment method can significantly enhance hydrolysis of biomass and thus reduce ethanol production cost. Cellulosic plant materials are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the cheapest source of fermentable sugars....

Biomass is becoming a large renewable resource for power generation; it is involved in higher frequency in environmentally clean processes, and even it is used for biofuels preparation. On the other hand, hydrogen – other energy source – can be produced in a variety of methods including gasification of biomass. In this study, the production of hydrogen by gasification of biomass waste is examin...