Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) respond to spatiotemporal patterns falling on photoreceptors by firing spike trains with an exquisitely precise temporal structure. Existing models of RGCs are reduced input-output models of light intensity or other features (eg contrast), but contain no biophysical parameters for a single RGC. These models, such as the stochastic integrate and fire (IF) and linear...

The capacity to produce therapeutically relevant quantities of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) via in vitro culture is a common prerequisite for stem cell-based therapies. Although culture expanded MSCs are widely studied and considered for therapeutic applications, it has remained challenging to identify a unique set of characteristics that enables robust identification and isolat...

In red-NIR reflectance space, the Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI) isolines, representing similar vegetation biophysical quantities, are neither convergent to a point nor parallel to each other. Consequently, the treatment of the MSAVI isolines is distinctly different from those of other vegetation index isolines, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the per...

Electric stimulation has been investigated for several decades to treat, with various degrees of success, a broad spectrum of neurological disorders. Historically, the development of these methods has been largely empirical but has led to a remarkably efficient, yet invasive treatment: deep brain stimulation (DBS). However, the efficiency of DBS is limited by our lack of understanding of the un...

While axon fasciculation plays a key role in the development of neural networks, very little is known about its dynamics and the underlying biophysical mechanisms. In a model system composed of neurons grown ex vivo from explants of embryonic mouse olfactory epithelia, we observed that axons dynamically interact with each other through their shafts, leading to zippering and unzippering behavior...

A lesson utilizing a coarse-grained (CG) Gō-like model has been implemented into the CHARMM INterface and Graphics (CHARMMing) web portal (www.charmming.org) to the Chemistry at HARvard Macromolecular Mechanics (CHARMM) molecular simulation package. While widely used to model various biophysical processes, such as protein folding and aggregation, CG models can also serve as an educational tool ...

Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance (DWMR) Imaging is an important tool in diagnostic neuroimaging, but the biophysical basis of the DWMR signal from biological tissue is not entirely understood. Testable, theoretical models relating the DWMR signal to the tissue, therefore, are crucial. This work presents a toy version of such a model of water DWMR signals in brain grey matter. The model is ...

To investigate the relationship between a protein's sequence and its biophysical properties, we studied the effects of more than 100 mutations in Avena sativa light-oxygen-voltage domain 2, a model protein of the Per-Arnt-Sim family. The A. sativa light-oxygen-voltage domain 2 undergoes a photocycle with a conformational change involving the unfolding of the terminal helices. Whereas selection ...

The eastern Bering Sea and the Barents Sea share a number of common biophysical characteristics. For example, both are seasonally ice-covered, high-latitude, shelf seas, dependent on advection for heat and for replenishment of nutrients on their shelves, and with ecosystems dominated by a single species of gadoid fish. At the same time, they differ in important respects. In the Barents Sea, adv...

the diagnostic value of three fetal movements counting in one hour by mother in the diagnosis of decreased fetal movements kamalifard m[1], ghojazadeh m[2], abbasalizadeh sh[3], ghatrehsamani f[4], rabiei l[5]* received: 1 jun, 2012 accepted: 25 aug, 2012abstractbackground & aims: fetal movement counting is a method that used by the mother to quantify her baby's movements. since 1970s a va...