background: life expectancy at birth as an alternative summary measure of mortality represents number of years which a newborn will be alive based on the current age specific death rates. as it summarizes death rates across all age range in a given population is the most common summary measure of mortality. the aim of this study was to correct death rates for underreport and estimate life expec...

Abstract We carry out a complete study on the relationship between Cox processes driven by interacting Feller diffusions and death sequences of immigration–emigration linked population networks. It is first proved that the Cox process driven by a Feller diffusion is equivalent to the death sequence of a birth and death process. The conclusion is then generalized to the case of Cox processes dri...

We consider discrete-time birth-death chains on a spider, i.e. graph consisting of N discrete half lines the plane that are joined at origin. This process can be identified with quasi-birth-death state space N0×{1,2,…,N}, represented by block tridiagonal transition probability matrix. prove we analyze this using spectral methods and obtain n-step probabilities in terms weight matrix correspondi...

■ Abstract Since the late 1980s, language endangerment and death have been discussed as if the phenomena had no connection at all with language birth. More recently the phenomena have been associated almost exclusively with the intense and pervasive economic globalization of same period, a process that some authors have reduced too easily to the McDonaldization phenomenon. Moreover, the relatio...

Many population genetic models have been developed for the purpose of inferring population size and growth rates from random samples of genetic data. We examine two popular approaches to this problem, the coalescent and the birth–death-sampling model (BDM), in the context of estimating population size and birth rates in a population growing exponentially according to the birth–death branching p...

We consider an interacting particle Markov process for Darwinian evolution in an asexual population with non-constant population size, involving a linear birth rate, a density-dependent logistic death rate, and a probability μ of mutation at each birth event. We introduce a renormalization parameter K scaling the size of the population, which leads, when K → +∞, to a deterministic dynamics for ...

F our recent events have reminded us that many people are concerned about what happens before birth and after death, even if what happens before birth happens to those who will never be born and even if the near death happenings occur after death and to those who cannot care about them. The recent events involve a decision of the European Court of Human Rights, a decision of the UK Human Fertil...