Perinatal exposure to testosterone (T), which can act upon both the androgen receptor (AR) and, via aromatization of T into estrogens, upon estrogen receptors, organizes many adult behaviors in rodents. We compared behaviors in wild-type (WT) male rats and AR-deficient rats with the testicular feminization mutation (Tfm), which on the day of birth were either gonadectomized (Neo-Gdx) or sham op...

INTRODUCTION The uterine artery Doppler has potentials for screening for complications of impaired placentation. This study examines the indices of uterine artery impedance at 22-23 weeks gestation and their relationship with maternal age and parity. METHODS Uterine artery colour imaging and pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound was conducted between 22nd and 23rd weeks in 430 pregnancies. The pregn...

Multidimensional poverty concentrates on deprivations in the living standard of a population in terms of functioning failures of different quality of life attributes such as per capita real GDP, life expectancy at birth and educational attainment. More precisely, a threshold level is specified for each attribute and shortfalls of quantities of different attributes from respective thresholds for...

The testes of the monkey, Macaca fascicularis, from birth to adulthood and of rats from puberty to adulthood were examined by both light and electron microscopy to estimate the mitotic activity of the Leydig cells. In monkeys, mitotic activity was measurable only in neonates: 2.3% in Leydig cells and 0.4% in fibroblast-like cells. From measurements of 3H-thymidine incorporation, mature Leydig c...

Primigravid Syrian golden hamsters were exposed in a Walton smoking machine to the smoke from either weak or strong cigarettes for 10 minute periods, 4 times a day from the 3rd to 14th (2nd last) day of pregnancy. Control hamsters were either similarly restrained in a Walton machine equipped with an unlit cigarette, or were not placed in the machine or restrained. Examination of the progeny in ...

alpha Thalassemia modifies the hematologic expression of homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease, resulting in increased total hemoglobin and HbA2 and decreased HbF, mean cell volume, reticulocytes, irreversibly sickled cells, and bilirubin levels. The age at which these changes develop in children with SS disease is unknown. Ascertainment of globin gene status in a large representative sample of c...

At birth, the locomotor muscles of precocial, terrestrial mammals are similar to those of adults in both mass, as a percent of total body mass, and fiber-type composition. It is hypothesized that bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), marine mammals that swim from the instant of birth, will also exhibit precocial development of locomotor muscles. Body mass data from neonatal and adult dolphi...

The aim of this study is to show the correlation between the physique of Africans from Kenya, Tanzania, Sudan and the conditions of their biosocial environment. All the young men examined were from Kenya (N=423), Tanzania (N= 153) and Sudan (N=154) aged 18 to 30. Based on the taken measurements (height, weight, sitting height, physiognomic leg length and chest, waist, hip, left thigh and left a...

Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term equivalent age (TEA) is suggested to be a reliable tool to predict the outcome of very premature infants. The objective of this study was to determine simple reproducible MRI indices, in premature infants and to analyze their neonatal determinants at TEA. A cohort of infants born before 32 weeks gestational age (GA) underwent a MRI at TEA in...

A high prevalence of iron deficiency was found in apparently healthy Asian immigrant children in Harrow. After excluding children with overtly abnormal red cell indices, Asian and European children had identical haemoglobin values, but Asian children had much lower mean cell volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin values and higher red blood cell values.