Frontiers provide an opportunity for one jurisdiction to remedy inequities (and even exploit them) in highway finance by employing toll-booths, and thereby ensuring the highest possible share of revenue from non-residents. If one jurisdiction sets policy in a vacuum, it is clearly advantageous to impose as high a toll on non-residents as can be supported. However, the neighboring jurisdiction c...

However, the overall approach for ENDO this year will break with recent tradition by moving away from a central meeting theme and offering a broader array of topics for attendees. Among other innovative features of ENDO 07 are: “The Year In” presentations, which will review important articles published over the preceding 12 months; Endocrine Debates, which will offer two sides of compelling sub...

There are no recent population-based data on the prevalence of hearing loss in older adults using standard audiometric testing. The population-based Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study was designed to measure the prevalence of hearing loss in adults aged 48-92 years, residing in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. Hearing thresholds were measured with standardized protocols using pure-tone air- and bone-cond...

A webcam together with a standard pen can replace a mouse as pointing device for many common user interaction tasks. We provide an implementation of a dedicated image-processing component integrated in a ready-to-use software tool that acts as mouse alternative. The image-processing component is responsible for tracking the head of a pen based on shape and colour information retrieved in a quic...

Thermal spray in general, plasma spray in particular, is a highly complex process with numerous interacting variables associated with generation of the spray stream, deposit formation dynamics, and the resultant property linkages. Compounding this variability further are both the spatial (different booths and different locations) and temporal (process start-stops, hardware degradation, operator...

This paper describes workplace dermal exposure measurements that were carried out by the Health and Safety Laboratory as part of the EU RISKOFDERM project to measure dust contamination. Exposure to dry powder spray paints was measured at five sites on 12 subjects. Twenty-two samples were obtained, of which eight contained triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) and 14 did not. All subjects wore Tyvek w...

clustering is a widespread data analysis and data mining technique in many fields of study such as engineering, medicine, biology and the like. the aim of clustering is to collect data points. in this paper, a cultural algorithm (ca) is presented to optimize partition with n objects into k clusters. the ca is one of the effective methods for searching into the problem space in order to find a n...

optimization of cutting conditions is a non-linear optimization with constraint and it is very important to the increase of productivity and the reduction of costs. in recent years, several evolutionary and meta-heuristic optimization algorithms were introduced. the cuckoo optimization algorithm (coa) is one of several recent and powerful meta-heuristics which is inspired by the cuckoos and the...

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads quickly through droplets from the patient's nose or mouth, falls on objects around them, and becomes transmission source for others. Therefore, community prevents COVID-19 by spraying disinfectants in environment using sanitary booths humans despite not being recommended Indonesian government WHO because it's a health risk. This study analyzes benefit...