We explore opportunities for parameterising constant factor approximation algorithms for vertex cover. We provide a simple algorithm that works on any approximation ratio of the form 2l+1 l+1 and has complexity that outperforms an algorithm by Bourgeois et al. derived from a sophisticated exact parameterised algorithm. In particular, for l = 1 (factor 1.5 approximation) our algorithm runs in ti...

How should we understand certain individuals’ orientation toward the unsettled, uncertain (although relatively prestigious) life of an artist? This article is based on biographical analyses trajectories actors and actresses from economic fractions upper classes, focuses in particular family inheritance. The attraction to artistic field makes sense connection with artists’ rejection a inheritanc...

Large-scale constitutional reforms implemented in Uzbekistan require studying the experience of advanced countries along with long history national statehood. The France as a country constitutionalism, which created one first examples modern bourgeois statehood is great importance.

In species with indeterminate growth, age-related size variation of reproductive competitors within each sex is often high. This selects for divergence in reproductive tactics of same-sex competitors, particularly in males. Where alternative tactics are fixed for life, the causality of tactic choice is often unclear. In the African cichlid Lamprologus callipterus, large nest males collect and p...

after the German collapse in its second edition of 1919. Here he argued from the point of view of bourgeois European culture in favour of saving civilization by a union of European states, including all those other nations whose culture derives directly or indirectly from Europe's. Nicolai's Eurocentrism even went so far that he declared genocide to be understandable in the case of a Mongolian ...

As a commonly used technique in data preprocessing, feature selection selects a subset of informative attributes or variables to build models describing data. By removing redundant and irrelevant or noise features, feature selection can improve the predictive accuracy and the comprehensibility of the predictors or classifiers. Many feature selection algorithms with different selection criteria ...

Using comparative phylogenetic analysis, we analyzed the evolution of male alternative reproductive tactics (MARTs) in ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii). Numerous independent origins for each type of MART (involving sneaker males, female mimics, pirates, and satellite males) indicate that these behaviors have been highly labile across actinopterygiian evolution, consistent with a previous noti...