Introduction: Plasma-polymerized film deposition was created to modify metallic orthodontic brackets surface properties in order to inhibit bacterial adhesion. Methods: Hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) polymer films were deposited on conventional (n = 10) and self-ligating (n = 10) stainless steel orthodontic brackets using the Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) radio frequency tec...

OBJECTIVE To elucidate some of the parameters determining the frictional behavior of passive, active, and interactive self-ligating brackets during sliding mechanics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A custom jig mimicking the three-dimensional tooth movements that occur during sliding mechanics and an Instron testing machine were used to determine the resistance to sliding of six different self-ligatin...

OBJECTIVE To compare the static frictional forces generated at the bracket/wire interface of stainless steel brackets with different geometries and angulations, combined with orthodontic wires of different diameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS The frictional forces were evaluated with three different types of metal brackets: a passive self-ligating (SmartClipTM, 3M/Unitek, Monrovia, USA), with a mo...

AIM The study was undertaken to measure the changes within the mesh pad associated with reconditioning process, measure the bond strength of new and reconditioned orthodontic brackets and correlate the changes in mesh strand diameter with changes in bond strength. MATERIAL AND METHODS 120 clinically normal premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons, were divided equally for bonding with...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to verify the torque precision of metallic brackets with MBT prescription using the canine brackets as the representative sample of six commercial brands. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty maxillary and 20 mandibular canine brackets of one of the following commercial brands were selected: 3M Unitek, Abzil, American Orthodontics, TP Orthodontics, Morelli an...

We consider the double field formulation of closed bosonic string theory, and calculate Poisson bracket algebra symmetry generators governing both general coordinate local gauge transformations. Parameters these symmetries depend on a coordinate, defined as direct sum initial T-dual coordinate. When no antisymmetric is present, $C$-bracket appears Lie generalization in theory. With introduction...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tribochemical silica coating and silane surface conditioning on the bond strength of rebonded metal and ceramic brackets. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty debonded metal and 20 debonded ceramic brackets were randomly assigned to receive one of the following surface treatments (n=10 for each group): (1) sandblasting (control); (2) tribo...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the shear bond strength of precoated orthodontic brackets bonded with self-etching primer relative to that of noncoated conventionally-bonded brackets at two different time intervals. METHODS Twenty-one subjects were selected for randomized split-mouth bonding of two types of brackets to the maxillary arch. Half of the teeth had precoated brackets bonded using self-etchi...

Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is considered a risk factor for the development of white spot caries lesions (WSL). Traditionally, brackets are bonded to the buccal surfaces. Lingual brackets are developing rapidly and have become more readily available. Buccal surfaces are considered to be more caries prone than lingual surfaces. Furthermore, lingual brackets are shaped to fit the ...