A challenge in developing informative neuroimaging biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is the need to identify biomarkers that are evident before the onset of clinical symptoms, and which have sufficient sensitivity and specificity on an individual patient basis. Recent literature suggests that spatial patterns of brain atrophy discriminate amongst Alzheimer's disease, mild co...

Background A major cause of disability in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is progressive brain atrophy, whose pathogenesis is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to identify protein biomarkers of brain atrophy in SPMS. Methods We used surface-enhanced laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to carry out an unbiased search for serum proteins...

Introduction: The quantification of brain atrophy with MRI is vital for understanding the normal aging brain as well as understanding and treating people affected by neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. Although several cross-sectional and longitudinal methods exist for the quantification of atrophy [1], SIENA and its cross-sectional counterpart SIENAx ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Progressive brain atrophy is a well-known feature of multiple sclerosis (MS). We characterized the spatial evolution of atrophy in different MS phenotypes. METHODS Dual-echo and T1-weighted MR images were obtained in 70 patients with MS and 10 healthy control subjects at entry and after 15 months. Within-group changes in regional atrophy were assessed by applying Struct...

BACKGROUND leukocyte telomere length (TL) is considered a marker of biological aging. Several studies have investigated the link between leukocyte TL and aging-associated functional attributes of the brain, but no prior study has investigated whether TL can be linked to brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs); two prominent structural manifestations of brain aging. METHODS we i...

A 52-year-old man presented with left hemifacial atrophy (figure 1) beginning at age 25. There were no neurologic symptoms. Neurologic examination showed no deficits, and the limbs were symmetric. Brain MRI demonstrated left cerebral hemiatrophy (figure 2) and lack of the ipsilateral soft facial tissue. Progressive facial hemiatrophy (PFH), or ParryRomberg syndrome, is a sporadic disease of unk...

BACKGROUND Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) correlate with cognitive impairment and incident dementia. However, etiologies for severe basal ganglia EPVS (BG-EPVS) are still unclear. Our aim was to investigate the independent risk factors for severe BG-EPVS in patients with acute lacunar stroke. METHODS We prospectively identified patients with lacunar stroke (diameter on DWI ≤ 20mm) from J...