The key to surviving hypoxia is to protect the brain from energy depletion. The epaulette shark (Hemiscyllium ocellatum) is an elasmobranch able to resist energy depletion and to survive hypoxia. Using epi-illumination microscopy in vivo to observe cerebral blood flow velocity on the brain surface, we show that cerebral blood flow in the epaulette shark is unaffected by 2 h of severe hypoxia (0...

Two antithetic terms, hypoxia and hyperoxia, i.e., insufficient and excess oxygen availability with respect to needs, are thought to trigger opposite responses in cells and tissues. This review aims at summarizing the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying hypoxia and hyperoxia in brain and cerebral tissue, a context that may prove to be useful for characterizing not only several clinical...

Adenosine is a product of adenylate phosphate breakdown that can exert protective effects on tissues during energy limitation. Accumulation of cardiac adenosine under hypoxia is well documented in mammals but has not been shown in fish. Adenosine content was measured in heart and brain tissue from short-horned sculpin Myoxocephalus scorpius L. exposed to acute hypoxia and to graded hypoxia and ...

A major impact of global climate change has been the marked increase worldwide in the incidence of coastal hypoxia (dissolved oxygen, DO<2.0 mg l-1). However, the extent of hypoxia exposure to motile animals such as fish collected from hypoxic waters as well as their molecular and physiological responses to environmental hypoxia exposure are largely unknown. A suite of potential hypoxia exposur...

This analytical review presents data on brain injury in surgical management of congenital heart disease. A brief description mechanisms and methods its prevention are given, moreover, a clinical case applying such techniques is given. The neurovascular unit vitro model advantages presented. protocol for modelling, the further application model, prospects using it studying intraoperative hypoxia...

Background: Among neonates, lack of oxygen results in multi-organ failure especially causing brain hypoxia resulting hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Aim: To determine diagnostic accuracy LDH detecting birth asphyxia keeping clinical signs HIE as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: Neonates (n=180) fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled this study from th...

To investigate the effect of intracerebral adipose neural stem cell transplantation in inflammatory process after brain HI. The study used 16male Wistar rats aged 2 months which were randomly divided into following group: Ischemia-Reperfusion group (IR, n=8) and ANSC-treated (IR+ANSC, n=8). IR was performed by right common carotid artery occlusion for hours, hypoxia procedure 1 hour reperfusion...

objective(s):hypoxia induces cellular oxidative stress that is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. here, the protective effects of ferulic acid (fa) on hypoxia-induced neurotoxicity in pc12 cells were evaluated. materials and methods:we investigated the effect of fa on pc12 cells subjected to hypoxia stress, in vitro. results:fa increased cell viability, prevented membrane damage (ldh r...

INTRODUCTION Sepsis may be associated with disturbances in cerebral oxygen transport and cerebral haemodynamic function, thus rendering the brain particularly susceptible to hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of isocapnic hypoxia and hyperoxia on dynamic cerebral autoregulation in a human-experimental model of the systemic inflammatory response during the early stages o...