BACKGROUND Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that hyperoxia suppressed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by the embryonic lung, leading to increased epithelial cell apoptosis and failure of explant airway growth and branching that was rescued by the addition of Vegf165. The aims of this study were to determine protective pathways by which VEGF isoforms atten...

Early embryonic lung branching morphogenesis is regulated by many growth factor-mediated pathways. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is one of the morphogens that stimulate epithelial branching in mouse embryonic lung explant culture. To further understand the molecular mechanisms of BMP4-regulated lung development, we studied the biological role of Smad-ubiquitin regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1)...

The thermal oxidation of propane in the temperature range 350-425oC was studied in order to elucidate the role of higher aldehydes as degenerate branching intermediates in the oxidation of hydrocarbons. In the slow combustion of propane, the high yield of propylene and methanol as the primary products, the formation of hydrogen peroxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde and steam a...

Astronauts and robots must collaborate effectively to safely and efficiently explore harsh extraterrestrial environments. This paper describes a basic planning tool to distribute tasks among a hybrid human-astronaut team, then examines likely scenarios in which an astronaut either deviates from the plan (e.g., to opportunistically explore) or requires assistance from a rover (e.g., when in dist...

Consider a catalytic super-Brownian motion X = X with finite variance branching. Here “catalytic” means that branching of the reactant X is only possible in the presence of some catalyst. Our intrinsic example of a catalyst is a stable random measure Γ on R of index 0 < γ < 1. Consequently, here the catalyst is located in a countable dense subset of R. Starting with a finite reactant mass X0 su...

GROSS, JOSEPH F., MARCOS INTAGLIETTA, AND BENJAMIN W. ZWEIFACH. Network model of pulsatile lzemodynamics in the microcirculation of the rabbit omentum. Am. J. Physiol. 226(5) : 1117-l 123. 1974.-Pulsatile pressure and red cell velocities were measured throughout the microvasculature of the rabbit omentum as a function of the order of branching. The data were analyzed in terms of a network model...

AIM To determine the distance between the branching point of the left colic artery (LCA) and the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) by computed tomography (CT) scanning, for preoperative evaluation before laparoscopic colorectal operation. METHODS From February 2004 to May 2005, 100 patients (63 men, 37 women) underwent angiography performed with a 16-scanner multi-detector row CT unit (Toshiba...