Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterised by impaired alveolarisation, inflammation and aberrant vascular development. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors can influence cell proliferation, antagonise inflammation and restore vascular development and homeostasis, suggesting a therapeutic potential in BPD. The aim of the present study was to investigate PDE expression in the lung of hypero...

OBJECTIVE To assess risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in very low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. METHODS A case-control study was carried out in 23 cases and 23 control subjects with bronchopulmonary dysplasia submitted to 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring between January 2001 and October 2005. Cases and controls were compared for gestational age, b...

Forty children who had had artificial ventilation during the neonatal period were studied at the age of 8-10 years with spirometry, the nitrogen washout test, bicycle exercise test, pulse oximetry, electrocardiogram, vectorcardiogram, and chest radiography. The median gestational age at birth was 29 weeks, and the median birth weight was 1310 g. Hyaline membrane disease was the indication for n...

Background To detect progression of right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction (RVSD) in asymptomatic preterm children from infancy to 24-month corrected age, using velocity vector imaging (VVI). Methods Retrospective study comparing sequential RV longitudinal peak systolic strain (LPSS) from 24 children born at < 33 weeks of gestational age and 10 term infants recruited as controls, obtaine...

BACKGROUND Initial ventilation strategy may play an important role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants. Early nasal continuous positive airway pressure is an accepted approach, but randomized clinical trials are lacking. Our aim was to determine whether early nasal continuous positive airway pressure, preceded by a sustained inflation, is more effective and ...

INTRODUCTION This is the first report to describe the feasibility and effectiveness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the secondary treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. CASE PRESENTATION A former male preterm of Caucasian ethnicity delivered at 29 weeks gestation developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. At the age of six months he was in permanent tachypnea and dyspnea a...

OBJECTIVE The increased survival of preterm infants poses the challenge of dealing with a wide range of chronic pulmonary diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Wilson-Mikity syndrome and recurrent wheezing. This article reviews the pulmonary clinical and functional prognosis of preterm newborns in infancy and adolescence. SOURCE OF DATA MEDLINE search for articles published between ...

Late-onset hyponatremia (LOH), hyponatremia occurring after two weeks of age with the achievement of full feeding, is the result of a negative sodium balance caused by inadequate salt intake or excessive salt loss due to immature renal or intestinal function in preterm infants. The aims of our study were to identify the risk factors for LOH and its influence on neonatal outcomes. This was a ret...

Assisted modes of mechanical ventilation, including synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation, pressure support ventilation (PSV), continuous mandatory ventilation, neurally adjusted ventilatory assist, and volume guarantee ventilation, are widely used in neonates, infants, and small children to achieve improved short-term and long-term outcomes.1-3 Specifically, evidence is accumulating t...