In this research, a sensitive and reliable LC-MS/MS method was developed and applied to determine the concentration of triptolide in rat plasma, microsomes, and cell incubation media. The absolute oral bioavailability of triptolide is 63.9% at a dose of 1 mg·kg-1. In vitro, the bidirectional transport of triptolide across Caco-2 cells was studied. A markedly higher transport of triptolide acros...

Indirect evidence suggests that lactoferrin (Lf), a major iron-binding protein in human milk, induces enterocyte growth and proliferation, depending on its concentration and affects the function and permeability of the intestinal mucosa. The bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) is known to cause mucosal hyperpermeability in vivo. However, protective effects of Lf against LPS-mediated i...

We established a highly sensitive method for evaluating P-glycoprotein activity in Caco-2 cells. Using time-lapse confocal laser-scanning microscopy, we measured the change in fluorescence of residual rhodamine 123 in Caco-2 cells. Horizontal fluorescence images of rhodamine 123 in the apical and central parts of these cells were captured for 90 min. A continuous and significant decrease in the...

L-Trp and its derivatives were used as model compounds to clarify structural factors which influence the intestinal epithelial permeation and metabolism of amino-acid derivatives. Permeability of model compounds through Caco-2 cells was used as an in vitro absorption model for human intestinal epithelial cells. The influence of compound concentration, the effects of various transporter substrat...

Abstract A higher concentration of calcium in breast milk than blood favours paracellular absorption enabling growth during postnatal development. We aimed to determine whether suckling animals have greater intestinal permeability maximize and identify the underlying molecular mechanism. examined claudin expression at different ages mice human epithelial (Caco-2) cells response hormones or milk...

AIM To investigate the effects of active vitamin D3 on autophagy and interleukin (IL)-1β expression in Salmonella-infected intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). METHODS Caco-2 cells, NOD2 siRNA-, Atg16L1 siRNA- or vitamin D receptor (VDR) siRNA-transfected Caco-2 cells were pretreated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), and then infected by wild-type S. typhimurium strain SL1344. The conver...

We recently reported that a considerable amount of the sodium-d-glucose cotransporter SGLT1 present in Caco-2 cells, a model for human enterocytes, is located in intracellular compartments attached to microtubules. A similar distribution pattern was also observed in enterocytes in thin sections from human jejunum, highlighting the validity of the Caco-2 cell model. Fluorescent surface labeling ...

these tripeptides was studied by using monolayercultured human intestinaJ Caco-2 cells which express rnany enterocyte-Iike functions including the peptide transporter(PepTl)-mediated transport system. ValPro-Pro, an ACE-inhibitors peptide from fermented milk, was used as a model tripeptide. A significant amount of intact Val-Pro-Pro was transported across the Caco-2 cel) monolayer. This transpo...

BACKGROUND Quantum dots (QDs) have great potential as fluorescent labels but cytotoxicity relating to extra- and intracellular degradation in biological systems has to be addressed prior to biomedical applications. In this study, human intestinal cells (Caco-2) grown on transwell membranes were used to study penetration depth, intracellular localization, translocation and cytotoxicity of CdSe/Z...

In this study, both silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are green synthesized using a water extract of the Mimusops elengi Linn. leaf. The methods simple, inexpensive, nontoxic, eco-friendly. AgNPs ZnONPs formed phytochemical substances in M. leaf at room temperature. phenolics flavonoids is key compounds that act as metal-reducing agents. effective parameters synthesis (the metal co...