Editor – The paper by Curtis & Mnzava (1) dealing with the comparison of residual house spraying and insecticide-treated nets for malaria control is timely, since important strategic choices have to be made in the Roll Back Malaria partnership. Experience in comparing these two key vector control interventions has recently become available and such a review is therefore welcome. The comparisons...

the in vitro dissolution of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (pha) coatings with different characteristics, produced by various spraying conditions, in a tris-buffered solution at ph 7.4 was experimentally studied through the measurement of calcium ions release with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (icp-aes), and then modeled. three coating characteristics, the crystallinity...

Intermittently connected mobile networks are wireless networks where most of the time there does not exist a complete path from a source to a destination. Researchers have proposed flooding based schemes for routing in such networks. While flooding based schemes are robust and have a high probability of delivery, they suffer from a huge overhead in terms of bandwidth, buffer space and energy di...

A novel technique suitable for noninvasive measurements of moss water content is presented. In this paper, colour image sensing is applied for measuring moss water content. Sunagoke moss Rhacomitrium canescens has been utilized as an active greening material to mitigate the urban heat island effect. The goal of this paper is to develop an intelligent image analysis system for water irrigation o...

Pyrethroid pesticides were applied via ground spraying to residential neighborhoods in New York City during July-September 2000 to control mosquito vectors of West Nile virus (WNV). Case reports link pyrethroid exposure to asthma exacerbations, but population-level effects on asthma from large-scale mosquito control programs have not been assessed. We conducted this analysis to determine whethe...

A set of discrete formulae that calculates the hypothetical impact of aerial spraying on a tsetse population is derived and the work is thought to be novel. Both the original population and the subsequent generations which survive the aerial spraying, may ultimately be thought of as deriving from two, distinct sources. These origins are, however, neither distinct, nor relevant by the third gene...

      The in vitro dissolution of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (PHA) coatings with different characteristics, produced by various spraying conditions, in a Tris-buffered solution at pH 7.4 was experimentally studied through the measurement of calcium ions release with Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and then modeled. Three coating characteristics, th...

In Brazil, cauliflower crop (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) is mainly a backyard gardening production, conducted in small areas of the country. However, its farming practice requires manpower as production mostly driven by family farming. Indeed, demand labor and sums, further coupled with environmental concerns high costs, seeks otherwise alternatives providing greater efficiency, generating...

To identify factors associated with incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), we surveyed 13,416 households in Bihar State, India. VL was associated with socioeconomic status, type of housing, and belonging to the Musahar caste. Annual coverage of indoor residual insecticide spraying was 12%. Increasing such spraying can greatly contribute to VL control.

In the EU-funded CROPS (Clever Robots for Crops) project high tech robots are developed for site-specific spraying and selective harvesting of fruit and fruit vegetables. The harvesting robots are being designed to harvest high-value crops such as greenhouse vegetables, fruits in orchards and grapes for premium wines. The CROPS robots are also developed for canopy spraying in orchards and for p...