The contribution to spatial awareness of adding a roll degree-of-freedom (DOF) to telepresence camera platform yaw and pitch was examined in an experiment where subjects judged direction and rotation of stationary target markers in a remote scene. Subjects viewed the scene via head-slaved camera images in a head-mounted display. Elimination of the roll DOF affected rotation judgment, but only a...

For Augmented Reality using a pair of transparent 3D glasses, a precise and fast method for head tracking is required, to determine the user’s position and direction of gaze in all six degrees of freedom. The methods currently available require expensive external sensors and have small working areas and/or other limitations. We propose a method that uses a panoramic camera that is mounted direc...

This paper describes a real-time contact-free eye-gaze tracking system that bases its accuracy in a very precise estimation of the pupil centre. The eye camera follows the head movements maintaining the pupil centred in the image. When a tracking error is produced, the image from a camera with a wider field of view is used to locate the eye and quickly recover the tracking process. Four infrare...

In traditional video conferencing systems, it is impossible for users to have eye contact when looking at the conversation partner’s face displayed on the screen, due to the disparity between the locations of the camera and the screen. In this work, we implemented a gaze correction system that can automatically maintain eye contact by replacing the eyes of the user with the direct looking eyes ...

Head orientation is an important part of many advanced human-machine interaction systems. We present a single image based head pose computation algorithm. It is deduced from anthropometric data. This approach allows us to use a single camera and requires no cooperation from the user. Using a single image avoids the complexities associated with of a multi-camera system. Evaluation tests show tha...

With an increase in their capabilities, robots start to play a role in everyday settings. This necessitates a step from a robot-centered (i.e., teaching humans to adapt to robots) to a more human-centered approach (where robots integrate naturally into human activities). Achieving this will increase the effectiveness of robot usage (e.g., shortening the time required for learning), reduce error...

Drawing on Hilary Mantel's evocation of the frozen body monarch as an object to be gazed upon and consumed, this article revisits three cinematic Shakespearean films in order demonstrate ways which kings are made abject. By applying Laura Mulvey's language scopophilia instances Ran (Kurosawa, 1985), King Lear (Brook, 1971), Macbeth (Kurzel, 2015) where framed still, sees royal bodies at mercy c...

Gaze-based interaction (GBI) techniques have been a popular subject of research in the last few decades. Among other applications, GBI can be used by persons with disabilities to perform everyday tasks, as a game interface, and can play a pivotal role in the human computer interface (HCI) field. While gaze tracking systems have shown high accuracy in GBI, detecting a user's gaze for target sele...