Changes in intracellular 3',5' cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentration regulate the development of natural competence in Haemophilus influenzae. In Escherichia coli, cAMP levels are modulated by a cAMP phosphodiesterase encoded by the cpdA gene. We have used several approaches to demonstrate that the homologous icc gene of H. influenzae encodes a functional cAMP phosphodiesterase and that this gene lim...

The motile responses of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae to a cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentration gradient were examined using a novel assay system. In this system, a cAMP concentration gradient was generated, while the overall cAMP concentration could be either increased or decreased in a chamber containing amoebae. The chemotactic responses of amoebae were examined immediately after they had been...

Second messenger cAMP regulates many cellular functions through its effectors, such as cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and Epac (exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP). Spatial and temporal control of cAMP signaling is crucial to differential regulation of cellular targets involved in various signaling cascades. To investigate the compartmentalized cAMP signaling, we constructed fluo...

Abstract In a mouse model of Graves’ disease (GD), diosgenin has been shown to have therapeutic effect on GD by alleviating goitre. However, research the autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is lacking. this study, transcriptomics was used comprehensively analyse protective against AIT in rats and possible mechanism. The results showed that diosgenin-intervention group, compared expression serum triiod...

Studies of humanitarian supply chain operations contribute to efficient system designs for the delivery goods and services disaster- conflict-stricken regions. However, our understanding what happens these relief after they are delivered is quite limited. Using a case study Za'atari refugee camp in Jordan, we develop theory informal networks, whereby uncover how refugee-led, networks emerge cam...

Using insulin-secreting cell line (INS)-1 cells stably expressing dihydropyridine-insensitive mutants of either Cav1.2 or Cav1.3, we previously demonstrated that Cav1.3 is preferentially coupled to insulin secretion and [Ca2+]i oscillations stimulated by 11.2 mM glucose. Using the same system, we found that insulin secretion in 7.5 mM glucose plus 1 mM 8-bromo-cAMP (8-Br-cAMP) is mediated by bo...

Each regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase has two tandem cAMP-binding sites, A and B, at the carboxyl terminus. Based on sequence homologies with the cAMP-binding domain of the Escherichia coli catabolite gene activator protein, a model has been constructed for each cAMP-binding domain. Two of the conserved features of each cAMP-binding site are an arginine and a glutamic acid wh...

American Indians (AI) suffer the highest rates of diabetes in United States (US); a chronic disease that is increasingly prevalent among AI children and associated with increased risk cancer. A summer camp was developed to improve risk-reducing behaviors, including diet, youth Arizona. The aim this study examine efficacy one-week intensive health conducted from 2016 2019 on change dietary behav...

Rat hepatocyte protein kinase was activated by incubating the cells with various cAMP analogs. Boiled extracts were then prepared and Sephadex G-25 chromatography was carried out. The G-25 procedure separated the analogs from cAMP since the resin had the unexpected property of binding cyclic nucleotides with differing affinities. Separation was necessary because the analogs would otherwise inte...

The cellular messenger cAMP regulates multiple cellular functions, including signaling in cilia and flagella. The cAMP dynamics in these subcellular compartments are ill-defined. We introduce a novel FRET-based cAMP biosensor with nanomolar sensitivity that is out of reach for other sensors. To measure cAMP dynamics in the sperm flagellum, we generated transgenic mice and reveal that the hither...