Syringomyelia is an etiologically diverse affliction caused by disturbance of normal cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics. An evaluation by comprehensive imaging, using advanced three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state and four-dimensional phase contrast imaging techniques, should be focused on finding the causative lesion because this determines which surgical strategy could be...

Knowledge of both normal and abnormal anatomy of the root canal system can directly affect the outcome of the endodontic therapy. This paper describes the nonsurgical endodontic management of the rare anatomical configuration middle mesial canal in previously treated mandibular first molar. After coronal access, the gutta-percha was eliminated. In precise examination of groove between two mesia...

UNLABELLED The aim of this case report was to describe the clinical management of an unusual dens invaginatus type 3. A case of dens invaginatus in a maxillary lateral incisor with a periapical lesion is reported. The patient presented with pain and localized swelling. Despite the complex anatomy and diagnosis of dens invaginatus, non-surgical root canal treatment was performed successfully. ...

The endodontic treatment of maxillary third molar often poses a challenge even to an experienced endodontist because of their most posterior location in the dental arch, aberrant occlusal anatomy, abnormal root canal configuration and eruption patterns. Owing to these anatomical limitations, their extraction remains the treatment of choice for many clinicians. As we know, retaining every functi...

The main objective of this case report is to present a rare root canal configuration of maxillary molar with seven root canals; three mesiobuccal, two palatal and two distobuccal canals diagnosed during treatment procedure confirmed by spiral computed tomography. A thorough knowledge of root canal morphology, proper clinical and radiographic examination, and use of dental operating microscopes ...

Careful management of the resected root end during endodontic surgery is critical to the overall success of the case. After resection, the root structure presents with multiple anatomical variations and considerations at both a macroscopic and microscopic level. These include root outline, canal anatomy, dentinal tubule configuration, presence of a smear layer and root canal filling material. P...

The success of endodontic treatment requires the knowledge of tooth morphology and its variations. Mandibular incisor's anatomy presents a challenge when an endodontic access is made, because of its small size and high prevalence of two canals. We are describing a Weine's Type IV root canal configuration that was detected in a mandibular central incisor, which was demonstrated by a radiographic...

Objective: To categorize root canal configuration according to Vertucci’s classification and determine the frequency of second in mandibular lateral incisors Pakistani subpopulation (Karachi based) by using Cone Beam Computed Tomography.
 Study Design: Cross sectional study.
 Place Duration Study: Out-patient department Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Radiology at Dow University Health Sci...

SUMMARY Serial histologic sections of the atrioventricular (A-V) conduction system were studied in four hearts with persistent common A-V canal, and the anatomic findings were related to the abnormal ECG pattems. Two hearts were examples of the partial form and two of the complete form of A-V canal. The major anatomic abnormalities were: (1) postero-inferior displacement of the A-V node; (2) re...