Background: The majority of thousands of oocytes in the ovaries are small, non-growing and reside in preantral follicles (PFs). The development of a culture system for preantral follicle may be very useful for understanding the complex mechanism in folliculogenesis at early stages of development as wells as could offer a significant way for the propagation of livestock, including goats. This pa...

ABSTRACT Archaeological dung pellets are time capsules of ancient herbivore diets and gut flora, informing on past agropastoral activity, ecology, animal health. Improving multi-proxy approaches is key to maximizing this finite archaeological resource. Through experiments with standard pretreatments used in radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating, we address a fundamental problem maximal analysis: How chron...