Carbon nanofibres were grown at low temperatures on a novel fibre catalyst, palladium particles, using a novel method, growth in fuel rich combustion conditions. The growth of carbon filaments by this process was found to be remarkably rapid. Preliminary analysis of how changes in operating parameters, for example gas flow rate and reactant ratio, showed that fibre diameter and other factors su...

BACKGROUND More than 90% of the cigarettes sold worldwide have a filter. Nearly all filters consist of a rod of numerous ( > 12 000) plastic-like cellulose acetate fibres. During high speed cigarette manufacturing procedures, fragments of cellulose acetate that form the mouthpiece of a filter rod become separated from the filter at the end face. The cut surface of the filter of nearly all cigar...

Depending both on structure and properties of the starting carbonaceous material, fluorination conditions, fluorine can bond to carbon fibres in various ways. This review aims investigate versatility C-F bonding its influence fibre properties. Morphology surface properties, such as diameter, Scanning Electron Microscopy observations, specific area, wettability acidity are discussed according co...

Contamination of terrestrial and marine environments by plastic waste has been widely documented. Most research into the distribution microplastics focused on water but here we show that wind transport can be very effective in mobilising microplastic particles. A series tunnel experiments using two different substrates (sand soil), (microbeads fibres) 5 concentrations (ranging from 0 mg kg −1 d...

During their production, single-walled carbon nanotubes form bundles. Owing to the weak van der Waals interaction that holds them together in the bundle, the tubes can easily slide on each other, resulting in a shear modulus comparable to that of graphite. This low shear modulus is also a major obstacle in the fabrication of macroscopic fibres composed of carbon nanotubes. Here, we have introdu...