Nylon filters are a popular medium to collect atmospheric fine particles in different aerosol monitoring networks, including those operated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) program. Extraction of the filters by deionized water or by a basic aqueous solution (typically a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bi...

The aim of this paper is to review recent literature regarding the determination of phosphorus species by ion chromatography (IC), and describe the implementation of new developments in sample treatment and ion chromatography methodology for the analysis of these compounds. Ion-exchange methods using both carbonate/hydrogencarbonate and hydroxide selective columns in combination with self-regen...

Lead (Pb) solubility is commonly limited by dissolution–precipitation reactions of secondary mineral phases in contaminated soils and water. In the research described here, Pb free Pb2+ ion activities were measured following precipitation minerals from aqueous solutions containing sulfate or carbonate a 1:5 mole ratio absence presence phosphate over pH range 4.0–9.0. Using X-ray diffraction Fou...

Zinc ion-induced pyrrole hydrogen ionization from a histidyl residue has recently been suggested as the source of the activity-related deprotonation in carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1; carbonate hydro-lyase) occurring at pH 7-8. The results offered to support the hypothesis are shown to be deficient. Examination of the literature reveals no precedent for such a pronounced acidification from pK(a...

Bulk nanocrystalline Sn3N4 powders were synthesised by a two step ammonolysis process followed by washing with dilute acid. Their performance as Li-ion and Na-ion battery negative electrodes was assessed by galvanostatic cycling in half cells vs. the metal, giving good performance in both cases and remarkable stability in the sodium cells. The effect of carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium algina...

In this work, two different experiments were set up and at the end the data were collectively analyzed using linear and non-linear regression. CO2 bubbling was applied to decrease the pH in both experiments, but in the second one also alkalinity was decreased by acidification with HCl. This must have resulted in a range of different bicarbonate and carbonate ion concentrations (that are unfortu...

BACKGROUND Advance Technology Development (ATD) Program is a new program put forth by Department of Energy to develop high power lithium ion batteries for hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles. It is a joint effort of five national labs and LBNL is the lead lab in investigating SEI (solid electrolyte interface) layer formation and dissolution. Our group is responsible for the character...

Microbially-induced CaCO3 precipitation (MICP) is a naturally occurring process wherein durable carbonates are formed as a result of microbial metabolic activities. In recent years, MICP technology has been widely harnessed for applications in civil engineering wherein synthesis of calcium carbonate crystals occurs at ambient temperature paving way for low energy biocement. MICP using pure urea...