The present study examined the effects of a 9-month randomized control physical activity intervention aimed at improving cardiorespiratory fitness on changes in working memory performance in preadolescent children relative to a waitlist control group. Participants performed a modified Sternberg task, which manipulated working memory demands based on encoding set sizes, while task performance an...

To study the effects of microinjections of 5 hydroxytryptamine and adrenaline in central grey on pain responsiveness during acute food deprivation, experiments were conducted in nine male rats. Microinjections of 5 HT (10 micrograms/microliter) and adrenaline (10 micrograms/microliter) were given in central grey before and at the end of 6, 12, 18 and 24 hr food deprivation and the effects on pa...

Polysomnographic findings were compared with data obtained subsequently from home documented monitoring in order to study the diagnostic value of both techniques. Polysomnography was performed in 1274 infants born prematurely and in 422 patients admitted because of apparent life threatening events (ALTEs). In 72 of the infants, home documented monitoring of the cardiorespiratory pattern, includ...

Available large-scale prospective studies on adiposity and asthma used body mass index as an indicator of adiposity.1 Studies involving more accurate measures of adiposity, such as body fat percentage (BF%), are needed to confirm or contrast body mass index related results. Cardiorepiratory fitness is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality,2 and the available literature suggests that mod...

The mortality and morbidity in 600 patients undergoing prostatectomy at a district general hospital are reviewed. Below the age of 70 years the operative mortality was 1% compared with an overall mortality of 2.3%. Cardiorespiratory disease accounted for the majority of deaths. The increase of postoperative stay due to complications may be reduced by lowering the complication rate and, in the l...

Children with end-stage renal disease are known to have a cardiorespiratory fitness significantly reduced. This is considered to be an independent index predictive of mortality mainly due to cardiovascular accidents. The effects of renal transplantation on cardiorespiratory fitness are incompletely known. We compared the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) of children with a functioning renal trans...

A cardiorespiratory model incorporating control of the human upper airway during sleep is described. Most previous models have not considered the possibility that the upper airway could be a limiting factor for gas exchange. Our model was developed to predict also certain pathophysiological phenomena in the cardiorespiratory system that characterize heavy snoring or sleep apnea. We started by a...

The overall goal of the cardiorespiratory system is to provide the organs and tissues of the body with an adequate supply of oxygen in relation to oxygen consumption. An understanding of the complex physiologic interactions between the respiratory and cardiac systems is essential to optimal patient management. Alterations in intrathoracic pressure are transmitted to the heart and lungs and can ...

Understanding the resilience of aquatic ectothermic animals to climate warming has been hindered by the absence of experimental systems experiencing warming across relevant timescales (for example, decades). Here, we examine European perch (Perca fluviatilis, L.) from the Biotest enclosure, a unique coastal ecosystem that maintains natural thermal fluctuations but has been warmed by 5-10 °C by ...

The purpose of this theoretical literature review is to study the relevant academic literature on lack of cardiorespiratory fitness and its effects on children. The total of thirty eight relevant documents were identified and considered for this review which nineteen of those were original research articles published in peer reviewed journals. The other nineteen articles were statistical docume...