Poor vision health severely impacts school and work performance, quality of life, and life expectancy, and results in billions of dollars in medical expenditures each year. While eye and vision problems are often associated with age, low income and racial and ethnic minorities also have elevated risk of eye problems. Federally-funded community health centers, which are mandated to provide compr...

Because injuries and illnesses occur among children, even in licensed child care facilities, parents need to be aware of existing hazards. We developed a questionnaire to assess parental knowledge of 16 health and safety features in their child's care facility. These health and safety features were identified by parents, in a pilot study, as being the most important features in a child care fac...

BACKGROUND In Germany, controversy currently surrounds the contention that the quality of care for preterm infants weighing less than 1250 g is best assured by requiring that centers treat a minimum of 30 such cases per year. METHODS A risk-adjusted model was developed on the basis of neonatal data from 7405 preterm infants treated in German centers, and the effect of caseload on risk-adjuste...

BACKGROUND Studies have found higher survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and admission to tertiary heart centers. The aim was to examine the level-of-care at tertiary centers compared with nontertiary hospitals and the association with outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutive out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients (n=1078) without ST-segme...

BACKGROUND Although some researchers have examined nutrition and physical activity policies within urban child care centers, little is known about the potentially unique needs of rural communities. METHODS Child care centers serving preschool children located within low-income rural communities (n = 29) from seven states (Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wiscon...

As we have discussed in this report, the existing literature and common sense suggested some initial hypotheses that relate the cost of CDC care to certain aspects of the setting in which that care is provided. Specifically, we hypothesized that larger centers might have a lower cost per child due to their economies of scale, centers located in areas with a high cost of living would have greate...

Introduction: Asthma is a common condition affecting many children in child-care centers. The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program offers recommendations about creating an asthma-friendly child-care setting. However, no studies have investigated the extent to which child-care centers adhere to these recommendations. This study describes the development of a novel instrument to deter...