Alterations in apoptosis and associated mechanisms during mammary tumor progression were investigated in transgenic mice expressing the SV40 large T antigen (T(AG)) driven by the rat prostatic steroid-binding protein C3(1) 5'-flanking region. Apoptosis levels, assessed by in situ end labeling, were low in normal mammary epithelial cells, highest in atypical hyperplasias (preneoplastic lesions),...

Prognosis of metastatic breast cancer is very poor which urges the necessity to develop novel potential drug candidates. We assessed two compounds with tri-aryl structures (A and B) for their potency to reduce primary breast tumor growth and lung metastasis in 4T1 mice model. MTT assay, 4T1 mammary mouse model and immunohistochemistry experiments were used in this study. In vitro results exhibi...

Infiltration of immune cells, specifically macrophages, into the tumor microenvironment has been linked to increased mammary tumor formation and progression. Activation of growth factor receptor signaling pathways within mammary epithelial cells, such as the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) pathway, induces recruitment of macrophages to the mammary epithelium. These macrophages promo...

PURPOSE To compare the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of CAT-8015, a second-generation recombinant immunotoxin composed of disulfide-linked affinity matured V(H) and V(L) chains of the mouse anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody RFB4 fused to PE38, to the parental compound CAT-3888. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The biological activity of CAT-8015 was examined in vitro using B-cell tumor lines and in vivo in a ...

The effects of bilateral adrenalectomy or estradiol benzoate treatment were observed on growth of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)-anthracene-induced mammary tumors during postpartum lactation. In the control and estradiol benzoate-treated postpartum lactating rats, the mammary tumors decreased approximately 40% in size by Day 5 postpartum and continued to regress to 50% of their average original diameter ...

Estrogen acts as a complete mammary carcinogen in ACI rats. Prevention studies in this model allowed us to identify agents that are effective against estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated efficacy of dietary berries and ellagic acid to reduce estrogen-mediated mammary tumorigenesis. Female ACI rats (8-9 wk) were fed either AIN-93M diet (n = 25) or diet suppleme...

We have examined the effects of heat shock on glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated gene transcription in an L929 cell line derivative (LMCAT2) stably transfected with the mouse mammary tumor virus-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (MMTV-CAT) reporter plasmid. Exposure of the LMCAT2 cells to heat or chemical shock resulted in a large increase in dexamethasone (Dex)-induced expression of CAT enz...

Cancer is associated with immune dysfunction characterized by the presence of proinflammatory and immunosuppressive cells and factors that contribute to tumor growth and progression. Here we show that mammary tumor growth is associated with defects in hematopoiesis, leading to myeloproliferative-like disease (leukemoid reaction), anemia, and disruption of the bone marrow stem/progenitor compart...