Bio-aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylenes, BTX) were prepared by the catalytic pyrolysis of six different black liquors using both in situ and ex situ approaches. A wide range of catalysts was screened and conditions were optimized in microscale reactors. Up to 7 wt % of BTX, based on the organic fraction of the black liquors, was obtained for both the in situ and ex situ pyrolysis (T = 500-600 ...

This study describes the phenomena involved during regeneration of an aged industrial hydrodesulfurization catalyst (CoMoP/Al2O3) using a non-thermal plasma at low temperature (200 °C). The changes occurring were studied by characterizing spent, partially, and fully regenerated catalysts XRD, Raman, TEM spectroscopy, coke deposited on surface Laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spec...

Increase of productivity of process urgently requires application of more and technical advance. As is known for deriving of isobutylene, being raw material at development of polyisobutylene and butyl rubbers widely use process of dehydrogenation of isobutylene in pseudoliquid catalyst bed, circulating in reactor-regenerative system. Opportunities of this process in the production conditions co...

Operando UV/Vis spectroscopy with on-line mass spectrometry was used to study the effect of different types of impurities on the hydrocarbon pool species and the activity of H-SAPO-34 as a methanol-to-olefins (MTO) catalyst. Successive reaction cycles with different purity feedstocks were studied, with an intermittent regeneration step. The combined study of two distinct impurity types (i.e., f...

The unsupported NiBa catalyst has been used in the CO2-SR (CO2 Storage and situ Regeneration with CH4) cyclic technology, which allows use of CO2 from combustion CH4 biogas order to produce enriched syngas streams. isotopic study transient regime, using 13CO2 CD4 instead 12CO2 CH4, respectively, performed discriminate different carbon hydrogen sources participation pathways involved whole proce...

Abstract We have evaluated six phenoxazine derivatives as visible light photosensitizers for the photochemical reduction of CO 2 to with an iron porphyrin catalyst in organic media. The core was functionalized electron‐donating or ‐withdrawing groups modify photophysical properties. Both singlet and triplet excited state potentials sensitizers spanned several hundred mV range ground oxidation 2...

the effects of electronic properties of inner and outer surfaces of carbon nano tubes (cnts) on the deactivation of cobalt fischer-tropsch (ft) catalysts were studied. the comparative characterization of the fresh and used catalysts by tem, xrd, tpr, bet and h2 chemisorption showed that cobalt re-oxidation, cobalt-support interactions and sintering are the main sources of catalyst deactivation....

On an industrial plant, we observed and examined the ammonia-poisoning catalyst for synthesis of dimethyl oxalate (DMO). We investigated catalytic activity in response to amount ammonia revealed mechanism such poisoning by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. Our results show that only 0.002% feed gas can significantly deactivate Pd-based catalyst. Two main reasons were prop...

background: sulfur compounds must be removed from petroleum because they contribute to environmental pollution. a strong alkaline solution such as caustic soda is used to remove these compounds. this spent caustic has high values for chemical oxygen demand (cod) concentration, ph and total sulfur. in this study, the regeneration and treatment methodology of sulfidic spent caustic was investigat...

Tri-reforming of methane (TRM) allows the production syngas with a low environmental impact, an optimal energetic consumption, and modular H2/CO molar ratio. However, despite large number publications devoted to TRM reaction, this process is still in its infancy faces technical issues due catalyst deactivation by formation solid carbon, thermal sintering, vapor-solid reactions, poisoning. Moreo...