this study attempts to investigate the relationship between pollution and economic growth for two groups of countries according to environmental kuznets curve hypothesis for a sample of 24 developing countries and 26 oecd countries over the period 1980 - 2005. then, we examine this hypothesis using modern econometrics techniques including panel co-integration and panel unit-root. the panel data...

This study sets out to capture the effect that environmental policy has on trade and specifically then examining the notion that lax environmental regulations will constitute a basis of comparative advantage, causing the least regulated jurisdictions to specialize in polluting industries. This is done partly by a survey of the empirical literature on this subject and partly by performing an eco...

This paper investigates how the environmental pollution in East Asian countries can be affected by trade of ‘dirty’ goods with Japan and the USA. By controlling for trade openness, the share of manufacturing in GDP, and the trade of pollution-intensive products with Japan and the USA, CO2 emissions are estimated for ten East Asian countries between 1988 and 2000. Our results show that increasin...

Understanding concurrent drought events in global main croplands is crucially important for food security, effective adaptation to climate change and human well-being. Yet, there a lack of comprehensive studies on probability changes among crop production countries scale, especially the future. Here, we studied 26 time period 1861–2099. During historical period, moderate severe was relatively l...

The relationship between trade expansion and environmental protection has been characterised by two extreme viewpoints – promoting trade worsens environmental conditions and higher environmental standards impose an economic cost. Two conflicting hypothesis emerge from the debate. One manifestation of the above-described trade off is the hypothesis that increasing trade may encourage developing ...