Hepadnavirus replication requires the synthesis of a covalently closed circular (CCC) DNA from the relaxed circular (RC) viral genome by an unknown mechanism. CCC DNA formation could require enzymatic activities of the viral reverse transcriptase (RT), or cellular DNA repair enzymes, or both. Physical mapping of the 5' and 3' ends of RC DNA and sequence analysis of CCC DNA revealed that CCC DNA...

Chlormequat (cycocel or CCC), the plant growth retardant, was evaluated for its ability to control plant height in Brassica oleracea cultivar ‘Kamome White’ and ‘Nagoya Red’. Different concentrations of CCC (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/L) were sprayed and drenched on plants 40 days after transplanting. Data were recorded the 60 and 90 days after transplanting. The 1500 mg/L of CCC resulted in abou...

In epidemiologic studies, many serum samples obtained from a large population have to be processed for measurement of fat-soluble vitamins. Quantification results by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) should be stable in both intra- and inter-run, and a quality control may be performed by a X-R control chart. The present study shows that serum retinol, alpha-tocopherol, alpha-carot...

Early detection and treatment are critical in the management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, there is no standard serum biomarker to facilitate early diagnosis or prognostic stratification in patients with RCC. Recent reports suggest that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have great potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with several types of cancers. Further, many...

1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 2 The cost of using CCC ...................................................................................... 1 2.1 Conscious execution of automated tasks ............................................................ 1 2.2 Interruption of secondary activities ...............

OBJECTIVE Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is one of histological subtypes showing poor prognosis due to chemoresistance. The association of autophagy-related proteins and clinical implementation in CCC has not been determined. METHODS The present study investigated whether expression of autophagy-related protein, light chain 3A (LC3A), was related with prognoses in the patients with CCC us...

BACKGROUND Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), a life-threatening inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy, affects 30% of the approximately 8 million patients infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. Even though the Th1 T cell-rich myocarditis plays a pivotal role in CCC pathogenesis, little is known about the factors controlling inflammatory cell migration to CCC myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS Using con...

An experiment was conducted to determine the distribution of nitrogen-15 in tissues of laying hens receiving different levels of N-CCC in diets. Twenty brown laying hens were divided into four groups and randomly assigned into one of four dietary treatment groups consisting of 0, 5, 50 and 100 ppm N-CCC inclusion. The hens were individually fed with the N-CCC diets in battery cages for 11 days ...

Background Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic in Latin America and affects 10 million people worldwide. Approximately 12,000 deaths attributable to Chagas disease occur annually due to Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC), an inflammatory cardiomyopathy presenting with heart failure and arrythmia; 30% of infected subjects develop CCC years after infection. Gene...

On June 7, 2016, the Computing Community Consortium (CCC) and Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) hosted a roundtable discussion on Artificial Intelligence for Social Good. The following response is a summary of the roundtable discussions. A more thorough report will be published by the CCC later this summer, and available at http://cra.org/ccc/resources/ccc-led-wh...