9-(S)-[3-Hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine [(S)-HPMPA] has been reported to have antischistosomal activity. Ether lipid esters of (S)-HPMPA and cidofovir (CDV) have greatly increased activities in antiviral assays and in lethal animal models of poxvirus diseases. To see if ether lipid esters of CDV and (S)-HPMPA enhance antischistosomal activity, we tested their alkoxyalkyl esters usin...

In contrast to the cell division machineries of bacteria, euryarchaea, and eukaryotes, no division components have been identified in the second main archaeal phylum, Crenarchaeota. Here, we demonstrate that a three-gene operon, cdv, in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, forms part of a unique cell division machinery. The operon is induced at the onset of genome segregation and divisio...

Canine distemper virus (CDV), a lymphotropic and neurotropic negative-stranded RNA virus of the Morbillivirus genus, causes a life-threatening disease in several carnivores, including domestic dogs. To identify the cellular receptor(s) involved in the uptake of CDV by susceptible cells, we isolated a monoclonal antibody (MAb K41) which binds to the cell surface and inhibits the CDV infection of...

Positive selection on a new mutant allele can increase the frequencies of closely linked alleles (through hitchhiking), as well as create linkage disequilibrium between them. Because this disequilibrium is induced by the selected allele, one may be able to identify loci under selection by measuring the influence of a candidate locus on pairwise disequilibrium values at nearby loci. The constrai...

Oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program for the wild animals in rabies risk regions of Korea has been conducted since 2000. Evaluation of ORV program under field condition and information concerning the incidence of exposure to canine distemper and canine parvovirus (CPV) are needed in wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis). Ninety four sera of wild raccoon dogs were screened for ...

Current interest in cell delay variation in ATM networks arises from the need to provide guarantees on loss and delay for traac with real time constraints. This study uses the Fairisle ATM LAN to measure the CDV experienced by CBR and periodic, bursty sources when multiplexed with Bernoulli, VBR video and LAN interconnection traac, in a network of non-blocking ATM switches. We nd that higher bi...

Canine distemper virus (CDV; Paramyxoviridae, Morbillivirus) is the etiologic agent of a multisystemic infectious disease affecting all terrestrial carnivore families with high incidence and mortality in domestic dogs. Sequence analysis of the hemagglutinin (H) gene has been widely employed to characterize field strains, permitting the identification of nine CDV lineages worldwide. Recently, it...

In 2007-2008, a canine distemper virus (CDV) epidemic occurred among wild animals in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, and many mammals, including the wild boar and deer, were infected. In this study, CDV prevalence among wild animals was surveyed before and after the epidemic. At first, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated protein A/G was established to...

A new strain of canine distemper virus, CDV-PS, has been isolated from dogs in China, and its complete genome has been sequenced and analyzed. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that CDV-PS belongs to the Asia-1 cluster and has low identity to the vaccine strain.

CMX001 (phosphonic acid, [[(S)-2-(4-amino-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]mono[3-(hexadecyloxy)propyl] ester) is a lipid conjugate of the acyclic nucleotide phosphonate, cidofovir (CDV). CMX001 is currently in Phase II clinical trials for the prophylaxis of human cytomegalovirus infection and under development using the Animal Rule for smallpox infection. It has proven e...