recently full factorial design approach has been used to assess the recycling potential of a given waste. the objective of this study is to identify the significant factors and interactions involved in maximizing compressive strength of concrete when chromium waste is used as admixture. in this respect, experimental factors at two levels, which are admixture type (chromite/ chromite+ superplas...

in the present study, the effect of porosity on the cathode microstructure (50:50 wt. % lsm: ysz) of a solid oxide fuel cell (sofc) has been examined. a 3-d finite element method for mixed ionic and electronic conducting cathodes (miec) is presented to study the effects of porosity on cell performance. each microstructure was realized using the monte carlo approach with the isotropic type of gr...

background: the most common method of collecting data in any area of human health research is to apply a questionnaire. however, if extreme cautiousness is not taking into account while designing a questionnaire, the gathered data might be ineffective. therefore, the aim of the present article is to discuss some of the most important set of guidelines in designing a questionnaire.   materials a...

the author in this research has tried to link the alexander pattern language theory, which is based on human oriented and spatial factors, to landscape design, which could come to a cyclic model of “a pattern language for landscape design” in iranian schools of architecture. so, a landscape design process based on the value of human-oriented approach, which is extracted from other values, and t...

the network design problem (ndp) is one of the important problems in combinatorial optimization. among the network design problems, the multicommodity capacitated network design (mcnd) problem has numerous applications in transportation, logistics, telecommunication, and production systems. the mcnd problems with splittable flow variables are np-hard, which means they require exponential time t...

without the surrounding environment of a site, architecture loses its full meaning. in the evolutionof the design process, a site's environment should be understood as the integral factor within which a designed productor artifact is expected to perform. the environment is not of secondary priority. every building is intertwined with itscontext; context being its physical, visual and ecological...

the concepts of structural optimization was introduced about sixty years ago. smiths from the university of los angeles (california) for the first time has offered the combination of finite element method and optimization techniques to design optimum structures (1960). at present time, this techniques are generally understood and many softwares for this perpose have been developed. in this pape...

eco village design is a new field of knowledge still under development. it will be the physical manifestation of the unfolding of the ecovillage dream held by so many. it is generally agreed that concept of sustainability should play an increasing role in future urban development world-wide. in order to ensure ecological sustainability, cities around the world have to decrease their environment...

The binary and ternary codes spanned by the rows of the point by block incidence matrices of some 2-designs and their complementary and orthogonal designs are studied. A new method is also introduced to study optimal codes.

Pipe systems are often used to transfer moderate to medium water volumes between reservoirs or from well fields to consumers. Such systems consisting of an arbitrary number of reservoirs or other types of sources and sinks are considered here. The Lagrangean optimization principle is used for the determination of all pipe diameters giving minimum total cost of the system, when the individual di...