INTRODUCTION Emergency management of upper cervical spine injuries often requires cervical spine immobilisation and some critical patients also require airway management. The movement of cervical spine created by tracheal intubation and cervical spine immobilisation can potentially exacerbate cervical spinal cord injury. However, the evidence that previous studies have provided remains unclear,...

white-collar criminals are those who abusing their official occupations commit profitable, nonviolent crimes. the most important manifestations of white collar crimes are: fraud, corruption (including bribery), employment offences, consumer offences, drug and food offences, environmental crimes, cyber crimes, and customs offences. some manifestations of white collar crime have direct victims so...

We report a case of delayed myelopathy caused by atlantoaxial subluxation without fracture. The patient was a 38-year-old male who became aware of weakness in extremities. The patient had a history of hitting his head severely while diving into a swimming pool at the age of 14 years old. At that time, cervical spine plain X-ray images showed no fracture, and the cervical pain disappeared after ...

0. The aim of this paper is to announce several results concerning smoothing Hubert manifolds and some of their consequences for homeomorphisms. All manifolds are assumed to be Hausdorff, paracompact, and separable with local model the oo-dimensional separable Hubert space H. (All separable infinite dimensional Fréchet spaces are homeomorphic to H.) As usual, we denote by DTM the unit disc and ...

Field spinal immobilization using a backboard and cervical collar has been standard practice for patients with suspected spine injury since the 1960s. The backboard has been a component of field spinal immobilization despite lack of efficacy evidence. While the backboard is a useful spinal protection tool during extrication, use of backboards is not without risk, as they have been shown to caus...

scour around bridge piers is one of the most important fields of hydraulic research. local scour around bridge piers and abutment is one of the main reasons of bridge failures. in the field of scour at the bridges, researches are more focus on scour of piers in compare with abutment. while the available information on the bridge failures required cost, the major problems are related to abutment...

Sir, I read with great interest the review article on Lhermitte’s sign by Khare and Seth.[1] The sign occurs, inter alia, in multiple sclerosis, in traumatic lesions of the cervical cord, and in subacute combined degeneration. I agree that very few studies are available on Lhermitte’s sign and there is need of more research in this particular field. In this current review, treatment with extrac...

We report the case of a young man who attempted suicide by hanging and whose neurological status deteriorated until the cervical collar, that had been correctly placed by the prehospital team, was removed. We discuss the physiopathological mechanisms leading to death in hanging that is, a blockage of the blood stream to the brain leading to vasogenic and cytotoxic cerebral edema rather than asp...

Sir, I read with great interest the review article on Lhermitte’s sign by Khare and Seth.[1] The sign occurs, inter alia, in multiple sclerosis, in traumatic lesions of the cervical cord, and in subacute combined degeneration. I agree that very few studies are available on Lhermitte’s sign and there is need of more research in this particular field. In this current review, treatment with extrac...

An elderly man was brought to our emergency department with an occipital head injury sustained after a syncopal episode. The ambulance crew packaged him onto an orthopaedic scoop stretcher, with a semi-rigid cervical collar, head blocks and tape. He was alert and orientated. After transferring him onto an emergency department trolley, the sheet on the ambulance trolley was noted to be blood sta...