To reason about programs, dynamic optimizers and analysis tools use sampling to collect a dynamic call graph (DCG). However, sampling has not achieved high accuracy with low runtime overhead. As object-oriented programmers compose increasingly complex programs, inaccurate call graphs will inhibit analysis and optimizations. This paper demonstrates how to use static and dynamic control flow grap...

We propose an algorithm for the transfer of packed linguistic structures, that is, finite collections of labelled graphs which share certain subparts. A labelled graph is seen as a word over a vocabulary of description elements (nodes, arcs, labels), and a collection of graphs as a set of such words, that is, as a language over description elements. A packed representation for the collection of...

This paper presents a method for improving parsing performance of parsers for HPSG. The method was obtained by extending Torisawa’s parsing method for HPSG. His parsing method utilizes a CFG compiled from a given HPSG-based grammar, and the parser predicts the possible parse trees with the CFG. Since the amount of unification is reduced because of this prediction, parsing performance is improve...

With this issue, our sister journal, Gene Function & Disease (GFD), published by Wiley-VCH, will cease to be a separate title and will be incorporated into Comparative and Functional Genomics. In combining the contents from these two journals, CFG aims to provide a more comprehensive coverage of genomic research, including more studies applying global approaches to the genetics of human disease...

The research into the ability of building self-learning natural language parser based on context–free grammar (CFG ) was presented. The paper investigates the use of evolutionary methods: a genetic algorithm, a genetic programming and learning classifier systems for inferring CFG based parser. The experiments were conducted on the real set of natural language sentences. The gained results confi...

Application of pile-raft foundations, which are known as “compound foundations”, is a suitable alternative in the case of heavy load structures. The interaction behavior of pile raft foundations makes these systems very complex to analyze. Different methods have been proposed to determine the bearing capacity of piled raft systems and distribution of loads between the components, i.e. pile grou...

Remediation of slope failures requires stabilization alternatives that address causes of slope instability. Slope reinforcement and pile stabilization systems, if properly designed, are effective in preventing slope movements in weak soils. Soil load transfer to pile elements from the lateral soil movement as occurs in slope failures is a complex soil-structure interaction problem, and the sign...

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 1. Purpose. This manual provides information, foundation exploration and testing procedures, load test methods, analysis techniques, allowable criteria , design procedures, and construction consideration for the selection, design, and installation of pile foundations. The guidance is based on the present state of the technology for pile-so...

A semi-quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay was designed to measure gonococcal pilin antigenic variation (SQ-PCR Av assay). This assay employs 17 hybridization probe sets that quantitate subpopulations of pilin transcripts carrying different silent pilin copy sequences and one set that detects total pilE transcript levels. Mixtures of a DNA standard carrying the silent copy being detected and a ...

In this paper, we propose a method for constructing bigram LR tables by way of incorporating bigram constraints into an LR table. Using a bigram LR table, it is possible for a GLR parser to make use of both bigram and CFG constraints in natural language processing. Applying bigram LR tables to our GLR method has the following advantages: (1) Language models utilizing bigram LR tables have lower...