Fidelity and projected changes in the climate models, used for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), are assessed with regard to the Southern Hemisphere extratropical ocean and sea ice systems. While individual models span different physical parameterizations and resolutions, a major component of intermodel variability results from surface wind dif...

[1] Stratospheric sulfate aerosol particles from strong volcanic eruptions produce significant transient cooling of the troposphere and warming of the lower stratosphere. The radiative impact of volcanic aerosols also produces a response that generally includes an anomalously positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) that is most pronounced in the boreal winter. The main atmospheric thermal...

The global hydrological cycle is vulnerable to changing climatic conditions, especially in developing regions, which lack abundant resources and management of freshwater resources. This study evaluates the impacts climate change on regime Chirah Dhoke Pathan sub catchments Soan River Basin (SRB), Pakistan, by using models included NEX-GDDP dataset model HBV-light. After proper calibration valid...

Purpose This paper aims to present the “Vulnerability Sourcebook” methodology, a standardised framework for assessment of climate vulnerability and risk in context adaptation planning. The Vulnerability Sourcebook has been developed Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) applied more than twenty countries worldwide. Design/methodology/approach It is based on participative...