Unique among ABC (ATP-binding cassette) protein family members, CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator), also termed ABCC7, encoded by the gene mutated in cystic fibrosis patients, functions as an ion channel. Opening and closing of its anion-selective pore are linked to ATP binding and hydrolysis at CFTR's two NBDs (nucleotide-binding domains), NBD1 and NBD2. Isolated NBDs o...

In a genome-wide search, linkage of hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP), a muscle disease with autosomal dominant inheritance, to chromosome 1q31-32 and cosegregation with the gene encoding the L-type calcium channel/DHP receptor alpha 1 subunit has been reported (Fontaine et al., 1994). Here we show the extended haplotypes of a large HypoPP family who made the detection of the gene product...

We propose a protocol for multipartite secret sharing of quantum information through an amplitude damping quantum channel. This network is, for example, of two organizations communicating with their own employees connected via classical channels locally. We consider a GHZ state distributed among four members in an asymmetric fashion where the members of a sub-party collaborate to decode the rec...

OBJECTIVES We took advantage of the genetic isolate of Finns to characterize a common long QT syndrome (LQTS) mutation, and to estimate the prevalence of LQTS. BACKGROUND The LQTS is caused by mutations in different ion channel genes, which vary in their molecular nature from family to family. METHODS The potassium channel gene KCNQ1 was sequenced in two unrelated Finnish patients with Jerv...

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a cytokine known to be involved in the recruitment of monocytes to sites of injury. MCP-1 activates the chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2), a seven-transmembrane helix G protein-coupled receptor that has been implicated in inflammatory pain responses. Here we show that MCP-1 mediates activation of the CCR2 receptor and inhibits coexpressed N-ty...

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) type 3 receptors (5-HT3R) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are structurally and functionally related proteins, yet distinct members of the family of ligand-gated ion channels. For most members of this family a diversity of heteromeric receptors is known at present. In contrast, known 5-HT3R subunits are all homologs of the same 5-HT3R-A subunit and form homo...

The environmental irritant chloroform, a naturally occurring small volatile organohalogen, briefly became the world's most popular volatile general anesthetic (VGA) before being abandoned because of its low therapeutic index. When chloroform comes in contact with skin or is ingested, it causes a painful burning sensation. The molecular basis for the pain associated with chloroform remains unkno...

Episodic ataxia type 1 (EA1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by brief episodes of ataxia associated with continuous interattack myokymia. Point mutations in the human voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv1.1) gene on chromosome 12p13 have recently been shown to associate with EA1. A Scottish family with EA1 harbouring a novel mutation in this gene is reported. Of the five affe...

The water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and certain Rh-family members are permeable to CO(2) and NH(3). Here, we use changes in surface pH (pH(S)) to assess relative CO(2) vs. NH(3) permeability of Xenopus oocytes expressing members of the AQP or Rh family. Exposed to CO(2) or NH(3), AQP1 oocytes exhibit a greater maximal magnitude of pH(S) change (DeltapH(S)) compared with day-matched controls in...

With the intensive growth of internet use, customers choose online market as right preference. Hence, manufacturers are attracted to launch an channel that includes a retail channel. To maintain versatile demand types products, retailer is stock more than one product same category, and consequently, he has purchase products from different manufacturers. This article formulates dual-channel supp...