Emission regulations become more prevalent in developing countries; but they may be compromised by corruption. In this paper I document the prevalence of corruption and the effectiveness of vehicle emission regulations in Mexico City. I develop a statistical test for identifying a specific type of cheating that involves bribing center technicians. I also estimate a structural model of car owner...

Explaining human cooperation in large groups of non-kin is a major challenge to both rational choice theory and the theory of evolution. Recent research suggests that group cooperation can be explained by positing that cooperators can punish non-cooperators or cheaters. The experimental evidence comes from public goods games in which group members are fully informed about the behavior of all ot...

Imperfect monitoring of actions in rank-order tournaments makes it possible that undesirable but output-enhancing activities, such as cheating, may occur. Cheating may be especially tempting when one player has an advantage over another. We show that when audit probabilities are low, the leading player has more incentive to cheat; when audit probabilities are high, the incentive is reversed. Fu...

Cheating in multisecret sharing is considered. Multisecret sharing is defined by a mapping F : GF (p) −→ GF (p) that provides a generic model. In this model, we propose nonlinear multisecret sharing that is immune against cheaters. Two cheating strategies are considered. In the first one, all cheaters always submit their invalid shares and they collectively know their own valid shares. In the s...

We consider the problem of cheating in secret sharing schemes, cheating in which individuals submit forged shares in the secret reconstruction phase in an effort to make another participant reconstruct an invalid secret. We introduce a novel technique which uses universal hash functions to detect such cheating and propose two efficient secret sharing schemes that employ the functions. The first...

Microbial cells rely on cooperative behaviours that can breakdown as a result of exploitation by cheats. Recent work on cheating in microbes, however, has produced examples of populations benefiting from the presence of cheats and/or cooperative behaviours being maintained despite the presence of cheats. These observations have been presented as evidence for selection favouring cheating at the ...

In 1995, Naor and Shamir proposed the k-out-of-n Visual Cryptography scheme such that only more than or equal to k participants can visually recover the secret through superimposing their transparencies. In 2006, Horng et al. indicated that cheating is possible when some participants create forged transparencies to deceive the remaining participants. In 2007, Tsai et al. proposed another cheati...

Academic dishonesty is a persistent problem in the American educational system. The present investigation examined how reports of academic cheating related to students’ emphasis on their moral identities and their sensitivity to social evaluation. Seventy college students at a large southeastern university completed a battery of surveys. Symptoms of social anxiety were positively correlated wit...

From 12.04.04 to 16.04.04, the Dagstuhl Seminar 04161 Detecting Local Patterns was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas...