In this paper we present discretization and decomposition methods for a multi-component transport model of a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. CVD processes are used to manufacture deposition layers or bulk materials. In our transport model we simulate the deposition of thin layers. The microscopic model is based on the heavy particles, which are derived by approximately solving a linear...

Lithium as a plasma-facing component has many attractive features in fusion devices. We investigated chemical properties of the lithiated graphite surfaces during deposition using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy. In this study we try to address some of the known issues during lithium deposition, viz., the chemical state of lithium on graphite substrat...

It is widely believed that the chemical master equation has no rigorous microphysical basis, and hence no a priori claim to validity. This view is challenged here through arguments purporting to show that the chemical master equation is exact for any gas-phase chemical system that is kept well stirred and thermally equilibrated.

We present calculations of surface growth in laser-focused nanostructure fabrication. We show that theoretical predictions of the structure pro le's shape depend sensitively on the model used to describe the growth, and also on the parameters chosen within the model. This sensitivity illustrates that growth e ects can play a major role in laser-focused atomic deposition, and also suggests that ...

Introduction In this paper we explain recent changes in urban structures and CBD functions in Vienna by entrepreneurial decisions to locate office buildings. The decisions to site office facilities are seen, in turn, as dependent on quantitative and qualitative demand for office space, and on the particular spatial conditions of the local office supply. The question we are dealing with in this ...

International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development The use of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge (ATK) has been characterized by lack of regulation and unfair benefit sharing. This picture began to change only in 1993, when the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) came into force recognizing national sovereignty over genetic resources and the need for benefit sha...