Liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) problems such as phase stability analysis, phase equilibrium calculations, chemical equilibrium calculations, binary interaction parameter identification of thermodynamic models and other problems of fluid characterization have been the core subject of many recent studies. This study introduces Cuckoo Search (CS), Firefly Algorithms (FA) and its variants as p...

Adsorption is the net accumulation of a chemical species at the interface between a solid phase and an aqueous solution phase, leading to a loss from the solution phase (Sposito, 1989). Adsorption reactions can be described by various models. Empirical models provide descriptions of adsorption data without theoretical basis. Examples are the distribution coefficient, the Freundlich adsorption i...

A multicomponent reactive transport model, MIN3KIN, has been developed. MIN3KIN handles both multiple chemical equilibrium and multiple component chemical kinetic reactions. A two-dimensional transport code has been coupled with a chemical equilibrium code and a chemical kinetic subroutine. A finite element method is used to solve the transport equations. Different coupling methods between tran...

We calculate the nonequilibrium mean-field "temperature" of a brownian system in contact with a heat bath. We consider two different cases: an equilibrium bath in the presence of strong external forces, and a nonequilibrium bath. By proving the existence of a generalized fluctuation-dissipation relation, this mean-field "temperature" can be used to describe a nonequilibrium system as is if it w...

We present a calculation of thermal photon production i.e. photons from secondary interactions among particles produced in heavy ion collisions at collider energies. This is done within the framework of hydrodynamics. We take into account the lack of chemical equilibrium in QGP. It turns out that main effects from chemical non-equilibrium composition of QGP, reduction of particle number and inc...

Carbon monoxide and ammonia have been detected in the spectrum of Gl 229B at abundances that differ substantially from those obtained from chemical equilibrium. Vertical mixing in the atmosphere is a mechanism that can drive slowly reacting species out of chemical equilibrium. We explore the effects of vertical mixing as a function of mixing efficiency and effective temperature on the chemical ...

This paper deals with the derivation of the Gibbs equation for a nonviscous gas in the presence of heat flux. The analysis aims to shed some light on the physical interpretation of thermodynamic potentials far from equilibrium. Two different definitions for the chemical potential and thermodynamic pressure far from equilibrium are introduced: nonequilibrium chemical potential and nonequilibrium...

We evaluate thermodynamical quantities and transport coefficients of a dense and hot hadronic matter based on an event generator URASiMA (Ultra-Relativistic AA collision Simulator based on Multiple Scattering Algorithm). The statistical ensembles in equilibrium with fixed temperature and chemical potential are generated by imposing periodic boundary condition to the simulation of URASiMA, where...

A lattice gas model with nearest neighbor attractive interactions on a simple cubic lattice is considered. The method of nonequilibrium statistical ensembles due to Zubarev is used to derive expressions for jump and chemical diffusion coefficients. For thermally activated hopping dynamics in the hydrodynamical (low frequency, long wavelength) limit, and neglecting specific memory effects, these...