We propose a method for measuring the conjectural errors that inexpert consumers make relative to experts in using observable product characteristics as surrogate indicators of a valued unobservable characteristic. Observations on the unobservable characteristic, available to the researcher but not consumers, are used to divide the data into highand low-quality subsamples. Separate hedonic esti...

The definition of soil quality encompasses physical, chemical and biological characteristics, and it is related to fertility and soil health. Many indicators can be used to describe soil quality, but it is important to take into account sensitivity, required time, and related properties, than can be explained. Properties related to organic matter content, such as C/N ratio, organic carbon fract...

A new acid -base indicator which is less hazardous and inexpensive is proposed. It is capable of d istinguishing between the acids and bases. Titrations were carried out to ensure that the proposed indicator yields quantitative results. The results of titrations were quite satisfactory. The indicator was giving a distinct sustained colour even in the case of weak base and weak acid titrations. ...

• Increasing application of the indicator-dilution technic to the study of various segments of the circulation has focused attention on the different forms of this teehnic that have been devised" as well as on requirements of the ideal indicator and of the ideal detecting-recording system to be used in such studies. This paper will be largely confined to a discussion of indicators and detectors...

[1] The impact of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission reductions from major point sources on the key physical and chemical processes contributing to ozone formation and accumulation is studied, and the extent of change in the chemical regime is examined using selected photochemical indicators in the eastern United States. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) chemical-transport model, equipped ...

BACKGROUND Recent toxicological and epidemiological evidence suggests that chronic psychosocial stress may modify pollution effects on health. Thus, there is increasing interest in refined methods for assessing and incorporating non-chemical exposures, including social stressors, into environmental health research, towards identifying whether and how psychosocial stress interacts with chemical ...

Changes in soil physical and chemical properties were evaluated in several on-farm studies located in rainfed, hardsetting red Al®sols (Ferric Luvisols) and in irrigated, self-mulching Vertisols (Chromic Vertisols) of eastern Australia. The objective of the studies was to evaluate changes in soil physical and chemical properties with time under commercial farming situations where changes had be...