Reducing the consumption of cement with simultaneous utilizing waste materials as cement replacement is preferred for reasons of environmental protection. Blended cements consist of different supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as fly ash, silica fume, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), natural pozzolans, etc. These materials should be chemically activated to show effec...

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Jatropha curcas oil is one of interesting renewable resources for preparation biolubricants. However, direct application this as a biolubricant restricted due to its low oxidative stability. This drawback can be overcome by molecule structural redesign through chemical modification process at unsaturated functional groups. was modified via epoxidation, ring opening and esterification processes....