Infection of Chlorella NC64A cells by PBCV-1 produces a rapid depolarization of the host probably by incorporation of a viral-encoded K(+) channel (Kcv) into the host membrane. To examine the effect of an elevated conductance, we monitored the virus-stimulated efflux of K(+) from the chlorella cells. The results indicate that all 8 chlorella viruses tested evoked a host specific K(+) efflux wit...

The cell wall of Chlorella is composed of up to 80% carbohydrates including cellulose. In this study, Chlorella homosphaera and Chlorella zofingiensis were evaluated as source of fermentable sugars via their cell wall enzymatic degradation. The algae were cultivated in inorganic medium, collected at the stationary growth phase and centrifuged. The cell pellet was suspended in citrate buffer, pH...

Uniformly labelled radioactive glucose was fed to Chlorella cells in the presence of non-radio­ active carbon dioxide. The concentration of carbon dioxide was varied and the distribution of radio­ activity determined in the light. At low concentrations of carbon dioxide much of the radioactivity appeared in glycollate or derivatives thereform. By contrast, at higher concentrations of carbon dio...

This work examines the effects of six pesticides on five green algae: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The results indicate that the decreasing order of the average toxicity to five algae was: fluazinam > propineb > maneb > mancozeb > zineb > bromoxynil octanoate. however, according to sensitivity magni...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity and the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and plasma malondialdehyde levels in aging mice and to evaluate how these measures are modulated by potential antioxidants, including the tocotrienol-rich fraction, Piper betle, and Chlorella vulgaris. METHOD One hundred and twenty male C...

Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture takes advantage of the mutualism between some detritivorous fish and phytoplankton. The fish recycle nutrients by consuming live (and dead) algae and provide the inorganic carbon to fuel the growth of live algae. In the meanwhile, algae purify the water and generate the oxygen required by fishes. Such mechanism stabilizes the functioning of an artificially r...

Microalgae are one of the most promising renewable energy sources with environmental sustainability. The surface free energy of microalgal cells determines their biofouling and bioflocculation behavior and hence plays an important role in microalgae cultivation and harvesting. To date, the surface energetic properties of microalgal cells are still rarely studied. We developed a novel spectropho...

Chlorella viruses (or chloroviruses) are very large, plaque-forming viruses. The viruses are multilayered structures containing a large double-stranded DNA genome, a lipid bilayered membrane, and an outer icosahedral capsid shell. The viruses replicate in certain isolates of the coccal green alga, Chlorella. Sequence analysis of the 330-kbp genome of Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus 1 (PBCV-...

D-Enzyme (4-a-glucanotransferase, EC 2.4.1.25) from cultured sym biotic Nostoc and Chlo­ rella has been partially purified and characterized. The enzyme catalyzes the disproportionation o f m altooligosaccharides and is able to form m altooligosaccharides from soluble starch and D-glucose. The properties o f D -enzym e from Nostoc and Chlorella are similar with respect to substrate specificity,...

Chlorella sorokiniana IAM C-212 produces a polysaccharide gel, termed a sheath, under photoautotrophic conditions. The C. sorokiniana sheath is a suitable habitat for several symbiotic microorganisms because it ensures close proximity between the C. sorokiniana and symbionts. In this study, we established a method for increasing the volume of the sheath produced by C. sorokiniana, and proposed ...